Ko e tali nounou
Talanoa ʻi ha feituʻu lōngonoa, hanga tonu ki he tokotaha, ngāueʻaki hono hingoa, pea lea māmālie ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi sētesi nounou mo faingofua. ʻEke ha fehuʻi ʻe taha ʻi he taimi, ʻoange ha fili ʻe ua kae ʻikai ko e ngaahi fehuʻi ʻatā, pea tatali ʻo fuoloa ange ʻi he meʻa ʻokú ke anga ki ai. ʻOua naʻá ke fakakikihi, fakatonutonu pe ʻeke fakaʻahiʻahi. Tali ki he ongo ʻoku ʻi mui ʻi heʻene ngaahi lea, pea ngāueʻaki ʻa e ala ki ai, ngaahi fakatātā mo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻi he faingataʻa ange ʻa e lea.
- Toʻo ʻa e longoa pea maʻu ʻa e sio tonu ki hono mata ki muʻa ke ke kamata talanoa.
- Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi sētesi nounou, fakakaukau ʻe taha ʻi he taimi, pea ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi hingoa kae ʻikai ko ia pe kinautolu.
- ʻOange ha fili ʻe ua, pe ko ha fehuʻi ʻio pe ʻikai, kae ʻikai ko e ngaahi fehuʻi ʻatā.
- Tatali ki ha tali. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai mahino ia, toe leaʻaki ʻa e ngaahi lea tatau, pea toki feingaʻaki ha ngaahi lea foʻou.
- ʻOua naʻá ke fakakikihi pe fakatonutonu. Tali ki he ongo ʻoku ʻi mui ʻi he meʻa ʻokú ne leaʻaki.
- ʻI he holo ʻa e ngaahi lea, fetuʻutaki ʻaki ʻa e ala ki ai, ongo ʻo e leʻo, sio ʻa e mata mo e ngaahi fakatātā ʻoku mou siofi fakataha.
ʻI he peesi ni (8 ngaahi vahe)
- Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi founga mahuʻinga taha ki he talanoa mo ha tokotaha ʻoku moʻui mo e fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai?
- ʻE fēfē haʻaku kamata ha talanoa?
- ʻE fēfē haʻaku fakalea ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ou leaʻakí?
- ʻE fēfē haʻaku fanongo lelei?
- Fēfē kapau te ne leaʻaki ha meʻa ʻoku ʻikai moʻoni?
- ʻOku liliu fēfē ʻa e fetuʻutakí ʻi he fakalakalaka ʻa e fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai?
- ʻE lava ke tokoni ʻa e ngaahi fakatātā mo e ngaahi ngāue ke faingofua ange ʻa e talanoá?
- Fēfē kapau ʻe mole ʻeku kātakí?
ʻE lava ke ʻai ʻe he fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai ke faingataʻa ange ʻa e kumi lea, muimui ki ha sētesi lōloa, pe taʻofi ʻa e longoa takatakai. ʻOku ʻikai ʻuhinga eni kuo tuku ʻe he tokotahá ʻene holi ke fehokotaki. Ko e ngaahi liliu iiki ʻi he founga ʻokú ke teuteu ai ha talanoa, founga hoʻo leá mo e founga hoʻo fanongó ʻe lava ke ne ʻai ʻa e talanoá ke faingofua ange mo nonga ange kiate kimoua fakatouʻosi.
Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi founga mahuʻinga taha ki he talanoa mo ha tokotaha ʻoku moʻui mo e fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai?
Maʻu ʻene tokangá, tauhi ke faingofua, pea kātaki. Kapau te ke manatuʻi pē ha meʻa ʻe nima:
- ʻAi ke lōngonoa ʻa e lokí pea hanga tonu kiate ia. Tāmateʻi ʻa e TV, tangutu ʻi he tuʻunga tatau mo hono matá, pea ngāueʻaki hono hingoa.
- Leaʻaki ha meʻa ʻe taha ʻi he taimi. Ngaahi sētesi nounou, fakakaukau ʻe taha, fehuʻi ʻe taha.
- ʻOange ha fili ʻe ua. ʻOku faingofua ange ʻa e “Tī pe kofe?” ʻi he “Ko e hā ʻokú ke fie inú?”
- Tatali. ʻOange ha taimi lahi ange ke tali ai ʻi he meʻa ʻokú ke anga ki aí, pea feinga ke ʻoua ʻe motuhi ʻene leá.
- ʻOua ʻaupito ʻe fakakikihi pe ʻeke fakaʻahiʻahi. Tali ki he founga ʻene ongoʻí, ʻo ʻikai ki he pe ʻoku tonu ʻa e ngaahi meʻá.
ʻE fēfē haʻaku kamata ha talanoa?
Teuteu ʻa e ngaahi meʻá koeʻuhí ke lava ʻe he tokotahá ʻo tokangataha kiate koe. ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he Family Caregiver Alliance guide ke fakasiʻisiʻi muʻa ʻa e longoa: tāmateʻi ʻa e letioó pe TV, tāpuni ʻa e puipuí pe matapaá, pe hiki ki ha feituʻu lōngonoa ange.
- ʻAlu atu mei muʻa. Ko e ʻalu atu mei mui pe tafaʻakí ʻe lava ke ne ʻohovaleʻi ia.
- Tala ange pe ko hai koe. “Mālō e lelei Tamai, ko Sela au, ko ho ʻofefiné.” ʻOku tokoni eni ke ʻoua te ne fāinga ke kumi ho hingoá.
- ʻAlu hifo ki hono tuʻungá. Kapau ʻokú ne tangutu, tangutu pe tūʻulutui koeʻuhí ke tuʻu taha homou matá.
- Vakaiʻi ho fofongá mo e ongo ʻo ho leʻó. ʻOku faleʻi ʻe he National Institute on Aging (NIA) ke tokanga ki he ongo ʻo ho leʻó, leʻo-lahí, sio ʻa e matá mo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻa e sinó, pea feinga ke anga-māfana mo anga-maheni.
- Vakaiʻi pe ʻoku tui ʻene matasioʻatá mo e meʻa fanongó. ʻOku faingataʻa ke muimui ki ha talanoa ʻoku ʻikai lava ke sio pe fanongo kakato ki ai.
ʻE fēfē haʻaku fakalea ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ou leaʻakí?
Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi lea faingofua, ngaahi sētesi nounou mo ha leʻo nonga mo māʻulalo.
- Fakakaukau ʻe taha ʻi he sētesi takitaha. “Tau tui ho kōtí. Pea te tau ʻalu ki tuʻa.” ʻOua ʻe leaʻaki fakataha ʻi he mānava pē ʻe taha.
- Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi hingoa, ʻikai ko e fetongi hingoa. ʻOku mahino ange ʻa e “Naʻe telefoni mai ʻa Fineʻeiki Sēini” ʻi he “Naʻá ne telefoni mai.”
- Fakaleʻo māʻulalo, ʻo ʻikai leʻo-lahi ange. ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he Family Caregiver Alliance ha leʻo māʻulalo ange kae ʻikai ko ha leʻo māʻolunga ange.
- Toe leaʻaki, pea toki liliu ʻa e lea. Kapau naʻe ʻikai mahino ia, toe leaʻaki tuʻo taha ʻa e ngaahi lea tatau. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai kei ola, tatali siʻi pea feingaʻaki ha ngaahi lea kehe.
- Fakaʻaliʻali pea mo tala. Tuhu ki he ipú, hiki hake ʻa e ongo sitā ko iá, pe fakaʻaliʻali ʻa e ʻuluaki sitepú.
- Talanoa kiate ia, ʻo ʻikai fekauʻaki mo ia. ʻOku fakatokanga ʻa e NIA ke ʻoua ʻe talanoa fekauʻaki mo e tokotahá ʻo hangē ʻoku ʻikai te ne ʻi aí, pea ʻoua ʻe ngāueʻaki ʻa e “lea hangē ha kiʻí tamasiʻí”.
ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he NIA ha ngaahi founga faingofua ange ki he ngaahi fehuʻi anga-maheni. Ko e ngaahi fakatātā eni ʻi he founga ko iá:
| ʻI he ʻikai ko e | Feingaʻaki ʻeni |
|---|---|
| “Ko e hā ʻokú ke fie kai efiafí?” | “ʻOkú ke fie kai ika pe moá?” |
| “ʻOku fēfē hoʻo ongoʻí?” | “ʻOkú ke ongoʻi helaʻia?” |
| “ʻOkú ke fiekaia?” | “ʻE mateuteu ʻa e kai efiafí ʻi he miniti ʻe nima.” |
| “ʻOku ʻikai ko e founga ia hono faí.” | “Tau feinga ʻi he founga ko ení.” |
| “ʻOkú ke manatuʻi ʻetau fononga ki he anovaí?” | “Naʻá ku fakakaukau ki heʻetau fononga ki he anovaí. Tala mai ʻa e meʻa naʻá ke saiʻia aí.” |
| “Kuó u ʻosi tala atu kiate koe.” | Tali ange ʻi he anga-lelei, ʻo hangē ko e ʻuluaki taimí pē ia. |
ʻE fēfē haʻaku fanongo lelei?
Fanongo ki he ʻuhingá mo e ongoʻí, ʻo ʻikai ki he ngaahi leá pē.
- Tatali. Ko e lōngoá ʻoku faʻa ko e taimi ia ki he fakakaukau. Lau māmālie ki he hongofulu ki muʻa ke ke kau atu.
- ʻOange ha lea pē kapau ʻoku tuʻu. ʻOku pehē ʻe he Family Caregiver Alliance ʻoku sai pē ke fokotuʻu atu ha ngaahi lea ʻi he taimi ʻoku faingataʻaʻia ai ha tokotaha.
- Vakaiʻi ʻa e meʻa naʻá ke fanongo ki aí. ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he Alzheimer’s Association guide to communication ke kumi ki he ʻuhinga ʻoku ʻi mui ʻi heʻene ngaahi leá pea toe leaʻaki ia ke vakaiʻi pe naʻá ke mahinoʻi. “ʻOkú ke hohaʻa fekauʻaki mo e meʻalelé?”
- Siofi hono fofongá mo hono sinó. ʻI he faingataʻa ange ʻa e leá, ʻoku fakamatala ʻa e NIA, ʻe lava ke fakahaaʻi mahino ange ʻe he sio ʻa e matá ʻa e mamahi, ʻita pe loto mamahi ʻi he ngaahi leá.
- Fai ha tokanga moʻoni ki heʻene ngaahi hohaʻá. Neongo kapau ʻoku makatuʻunga ha hohaʻa ʻi ha meʻa ʻoku hala, ʻoku moʻoni pē ʻa e ongo ko iá.
Fēfē kapau te ne leaʻaki ha meʻa ʻoku ʻikai moʻoni?
ʻOua naʻá ke fakakikihi. ʻOku tātātaha pē ke ke ikuna, pea ʻe iku nai ʻa e tokotahá ʻo ongoʻi mā pe manavahē. ʻI hono kehé, fehokotaki ki he ongo ko iá, pea toki hiki māmālie atu.
ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he Family Caregiver Alliance ke tali ʻa e ongo ko iá ki muʻa ke ke tataki māmālie ʻa e talanoá ki ha meʻa kehe. Ko e fakatātaá, kapau ʻoku vilitaki hoʻo faʻeé kuo pau ke ne ʻalu ʻo ʻohake ʻa e fānaú mei he akó:
- ʻI he ʻikai ko e: “Faʻē, kuo lalahi hoʻo fānaú. Ko e taʻu ia ʻe fāngofulu kuo maliu atú.”
- Feingaʻaki ʻeni: “Naʻá ke faʻē tokanga moʻoni maʻu pē. Tala mai fekauʻaki mo hoʻo ʻalu ʻo ʻohake kinautolu. Te ta kai kiʻi meʻakai siʻi muʻa?”
ʻOku toe faleʻi ʻe he Alzheimer’s Association ke ʻoua ʻe fakakikihi ʻi he ngaahi lea ʻoku ʻikai te ke loto-tatau mo ia. Fili ʻa e taimi totonu: kapau ʻoku ʻikai fakatupu maumau ha tui hala, tuku pē ia ke pehē.
ʻOku liliu fēfē ʻa e fetuʻutakí ʻi he fakalakalaka ʻa e fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai?
ʻOku liliu ʻa e ngaahi fiemaʻú ʻi he faai mai ʻa e taimí, ko ia ʻai ke feʻunga hoʻo foungá. ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e Alzheimer’s Association ki ha ngaahi tuʻunga lahi ʻe tolu:
| Tuʻunga | Meʻa ʻoku tokoni |
|---|---|
| Kamata | ʻOua ʻe pehē ʻoku ʻikai ke ne lava ʻo fetuʻutaki. Fakakau ia ʻi he ngaahi talanoa, talanoa hangatonu kiate ia, ʻeke pe ko e hā ʻa e tokoni ʻokú ne fie maʻu, pea ngāueʻaki ʻa e fakamatalá kapau ʻoku tokoni. |
| Lotoloto | Ngaahi talanoa toko taha pē ʻi ha feituʻu lōngonoa. Lea māmālie, tauhi ʻa e sio tonu ki hono mata, ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻi ʻio pe ʻikai, ʻoange ʻa e ngaahi fakahinohino sitepu ki he sitepu, pea ʻoua ʻe fakaanga pe fakatonutonu. |
| Tuʻunga mamafa | ʻAlu atu mei muʻa pea tala ange pe ko hai koe. Fakalototoʻaʻi ʻa e tuhu mo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga. Ngāueʻaki ʻa e ala ki ai, ngaahi ongo, ngaahi meʻa ʻoku sio ki ai mo e ngaahi nanamu. ʻOua ʻaupito ʻe talanoa ʻo hangē ʻoku ʻikai te ne ʻi aí. |
ʻOku kehekehe ʻa e tokotaha takitaha, pea ʻe lava ke ʻi ai ha ngaahi ʻaho lelei mo e ngaahi ʻaho faingataʻa ki he tokotaha tatau. Tali ki he tuʻunga ʻokú ne ʻi ai he taimí ni, ʻo ʻikai ki ha hingoa pe fakakalasi.
ʻE lava ke tokoni ʻa e ngaahi fakatātā mo e ngaahi ngāue ke faingofua ange ʻa e talanoá?
ʻIo. Ko ha fakatātā ʻoku mou siofi fakataha ʻoku ne toʻo ʻa e tenge mei he talanoá pea ʻoange ha meʻa ke mou sio mo tuhu ki ai.
- Ngaahi fakatātā ke kamata ha talanoa. ʻOku ʻoatu ʻe he Conversation Cards ʻa e ngaahi fakatātā mo e ngaahi fehuʻi ʻatā ʻoku ʻikai ʻeke fakaʻahiʻahi.
- Ngaahi fakatātā fakafāmili. ʻOku liliu ʻe he Photo Pairs ʻa e ngaahi fakatātā ʻokú ke filí ki ha vaʻinga fehoanaki māmālie, ʻa ia ʻoku faʻa ueʻi ai ha ngaahi talanoa.
- Ngaahi lea ʻiloa. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ʻe he Finish the Saying ʻa e ngaahi lea ʻiloa ʻi ʻAmelika, pea hoko ai ha fehuʻi ke talanoa ai.
- Ngaahi vaʻinga fehoanaki ke fai lolotonga ʻa e talanoa. ʻOku ʻoange ʻe he Picture Pairs ha meʻa ke fai ʻe homou nimá lolotonga hoʻomou talanoá.
Sio ki he founga ke vaʻinga fakataha ai mo e ngaahi ngāue fakamanatu ki ha toe fakamatala lahi ange. Ki he ngaahi ʻaʻahi mo e ngaahi telefoni, lau ʻemau ngaahi fakahinohino ki he ʻaʻahi mo e ngaahi telefoni mo e talanoa vitioó.
Ki ha tokotaha ʻoku lea ʻi he ngaahi lea lahi, sio ki heʻemau fakahinohino ki he fetuʻutaki ʻi he ngaahi lea kehekehe.
Fēfē kapau ʻe mole ʻeku kātakí?
ʻOku hoko ia ki he tokotaha kotoa. ʻOku fokotuʻu mai ʻe he NIA kapau te ke ongoʻi ʻita, ke ke kiʻi mālōlō ke nonga hifo. ʻAlu ki ha loki kehe, mānava māmālie tuʻo lahi, pea foki mai ʻi he taimi ʻokú ke lava aí. ʻE lava maʻu pē ke ke toe kamata ʻa e talanoá, pea ʻe ngalingali ange ke tali lelei ʻa e tokotahá ki ho ongo nonga angé. Kapau ʻoku hoko maʻu pē ʻa e loto ʻitá, ko ha fakaʻilonga ia ʻokú ke fiemaʻu ha tokoni lahi ange, ʻo ʻikai ko haʻane ʻuhinga kuo ʻikai te ke lavameʻa. ʻOku ʻi ai ʻi heʻemau fakahinohino ki he tokanga ki he tokotaha tokangaʻí ha ngaahi feituʻu ke maʻu ai ha tokoni.
Ngaahi fehuʻi ʻoku faʻa hā
Ko e hā ʻa e meʻa ʻoku ʻikai totonu ke leaʻaki ki ha tokotaha ʻoku moʻui mo e fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai?
Fakaʻehiʻehi mei he ʻeke fakaʻahiʻahi (“ʻOkú ke manatuʻi...?”), fakatonutonu (“ʻOku hala ia”), fakamanatu ange ʻa e ngaahi mole (“Kuó u tala atu kiate koe”), mo e talanoa fekauʻaki mo ia ʻo hangē ʻoku ʻikai te ne ʻi aí. Fakaʻehiʻehi mei he lea hangē ha kiʻí tamasiʻí. Ko e ngaahi meʻá ni ʻoku faʻa fakatupu mā pe loto mamahi kae ʻikai tokoni.
ʻOku totonu ke u fakatonutonu ia ʻi he taimi ʻoku hala ai ha meʻa ʻokú ne leaʻaki?
ʻI he taimi lahi, ʻikai. Kapau ʻoku ʻikai fakatupu maumau ʻa e meʻa hala ko iá, tuku pē ia. ʻOku tātātaha pē ke liliu ʻe he fakakikihi ʻa e fakakaukau ʻa e tokotahá pea ʻoku faʻa ʻai ia ke ne loto mamahi. Tokangataha ki heʻene ongoʻí mo e meʻa ʻokú ne fiemaʻu he taimí ni.
Ko e hā ʻeku meʻa ke fai ʻi he taimi ʻoku ʻikai lava ai ke ne maʻu ha lea?
ʻUluakí, ʻoange kiate ia ha taimi. Kapau ʻoku hā mahino ʻokú ne faingataʻaʻia, ʻoku sai pē ke ke tokoni māmālie ʻaki ha lea pe mateʻi ʻa e meʻa ʻokú ne ʻuhinga ki aí pea vakaiʻi pe ʻoku tonu. ʻE toe tokoni foki ʻa e tuhu, ngaahi fakaʻilonga mo e ngaahi fakatātā.
ʻE fēfē haʻaku talanoa mo ha tokotaha ʻi he tuʻunga mamafa ʻo e fakangaloku ʻo e ʻatamai ʻa ia ʻoku tātātaha ʻene lea?
ʻAlu atu mei muʻa, tala ange pe ko hai koe, pea ngāueʻaki ha leʻo nonga mo ha ala māmālie kiate ia. Siofi ʻa e mata mo e ngaahi fakaʻilonga ʻa e sinó ke mahino ʻa e ngaahi ongo. Ko hoʻo ʻi aí, ko ha hiva anga-maheni pe ko e puke nima ʻe lava ke ne fakahaaʻi ha meʻa lahi ʻo tatau ai pē pe ʻoku ʻikai ha lea.
Ngaahi mataʻitohi
ʻOku mau fehokotaki ki he ngaahi kautaha mo e ngaahi ako ʻoku tukuhau ki ai ʻa e peesi ni. Naʻe siviʻi ʻa e tuʻunga kotoa ʻi he taimi naʻe fakalelei ai ʻa e peesi.
- Communicating With Someone Who Has Alzheimer's Disease · National Institute on Aging
- Communication and Alzheimer's · Alzheimer's Association
- Caregiver's Guide to Understanding Dementia Behaviors · Family Caregiver Alliance