Impendulo emfushane
Buza ukuthi yiluphi ulimi umuntu afuna ukulusebenzisa. Abanye abantu abakhuluma izilimi eziningi abaphila nesifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo bangase basebenzise ulimi abalufunda kuqala, kodwa lokhu kuyehluka. Sebenzisa amagama nezimpawu zomzimba ezijwayelekile, futhi ubuze izikhungo zezempilo ukuthi yiluphi usizo lomhumushi olukhona ngezikhathi zokubonana.
- Buza ukuthi yiluphi ulimi oluzwakala lukhululekile kule ngxoxo; ungacabangi.
- Abanye abantu bangase basebenzise ulimi abalufunda kuqala, kodwa lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu futhi akukhombisi isigaba somuntu.
- Sebenzisa amagama ajwayelekile, nikeza isikhathi esengeziwe, futhi usekele inkulumo ngezithombe noma izimpawu zomzimba.
- Ngezikhathi zokubonana kwezempilo, xhumana nomhlinzeki kusenesikhathi ubuze ukuthi yiluphi usizo lomhumushi olukhona.
- Ushintsho olungazelelwe ekuxhumaneni oluhambisana nokudideka ludinga ukunakwa kwezokwelapha.
Kuleli khasi (izingxenye ezingu-6)
Abantu abakhuluma izilimi ezingaphezu kolulodwa bangase baxhumane ngendlela ehlukile njengoba isifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo sishintsha indlela abathola ngayo amagama noma abaqonda ngayo. Abanye abantu baqala ukusebenzisa ulimi abalufunda kuqala; abanye abakwenzi lokho. Isinyathelo sokuqala esiwusizo kakhulu ukubuza ukuthi yiluphi ulimi oluzwakala lukhululekile manje, bese ulandela indlela yomuntu.
I-Alzheimer’s Society ithi okuthandwayo ngolimi kungahluka futhi iphakamisa ukusebenzisa ulimi umuntu avame ukuxhumana ngalo. I-Alzheimer’s Association iphinde ibhale ukubuyela olimini lwendabuko njengolunye loshintsho olungenzeka ekuxhumaneni. Lezi zinguquko azenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu futhi azikutsheli isigaba somuntu.
Yiluphi ulimi okufanele ngilusebenzise?
Buza umuntu ukuthi yiluphi ulimi afuna ukulusebenzisa kule ngxoxo. Okuthandayo kungashintsha kuye ngesihloko, indawo noma isikhathi sosuku. Uma eshintsha izilimi, ungakuthathi njengovivinyo noma uphikelele ukuthi aqhubeke ngolimi oluqondayo.
Uma ukhuluma ulimi aluthandayo, sebenzisa amagama ajwayelekile futhi umnikeze isikhathi sokuphendula. Uma wazi amagama ambalwa kuphela, khuluma iqiniso futhi usebenzise izimpawu zomzimba, izinto noma izithombe futhi. Isiqondiso solimi se-Alzheimer’s Society siyaphawula ukuthi ikhono lolimi lingahluka usuku nosuku futhi lingathinteka ukukhathala, ubuhlungu noma ukugula.
Yini engasiza engxoxweni yansuku zonke?
Gcina amathiphu ajwayelekile okuxhumana engqondweni, bese wengeza ukusekela okuhambisana nolimi lomuntu:
- Sebenzisa amagama namagama abantu ajwayelekile. Buza umuntu noma umuntu amethembayo ukuthi yimaphi amagama abawasebenzisela izinto zansuku zonke, amalungu omndeni nezinqubo ezijwayelekile.
- Khombisa futhi usho. Khomba inkomishi, uphakamise izinto ezimbili ongakhetha kuzo, noma usebenzise isithombe noma into ejwayelekile. Isenzo somzimba singasiza uma igama elifanele kunzima ukulithola.
- Linda. Nikeza umuntu isikhathi sokulalela nokuphendula. Ungaqedeli yonke imisho noma uphinde umbuzo ngezilimi eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Gcina umqondo owodwa ngesikhathi. Incazelo ende ingaba nzima kunoma yiluphi ulimi. Sebenzisa umusho omfushane, ume kancane, bese ubona ukuthi uyafuna yini okwengeziwe.
- Hlola ukuzwa nokubona. Izibuko, izinsiza zokuzwa, ukukhanya okuhle nendawo ethule kungenza ulimi kube lula ukululandela.
Uma umuntu ethanda ukufunda, buza ukuthi ulwazi olubalulekile olubhaliwe luyatholakala yini ngolimi lwakhe. Ungathembeli ekuhumusheni okuzenzakalelayo ngesinqumo sezokwelapha, imvume noma imiyalelo yemithi; qinisekisa ulwazi olubalulekile nomhlinzeki wokunakekela.
Kuthiwani uma ngingalukhulumi ulimi umuntu aluthandayo?
Buza ukuthi angathanda yini ukuthi umngane noma isihlobo asimethembayo esikhuluma izilimi ezimbili sijoyine ingxoxo evamile. Ungacabangi ukuthi umuntu ufuna omunye umuntu ahumushe; angase akhethe izimpawu zomzimba, izithombe noma olunye ulimi enilwabelana.
Ngesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela noma enye ingxoxo edinga ulwazi olunembile, shayela umtholampilo noma isevisi yokunakekela kusenesikhathi. Batshele ulimi umuntu aluthandayo bese ubuza ukuthi yiluphi usizo lomhumushi olukhona. I-U.S. Department of Health and Human Services iyachaza ukuthi umndeni nabangane bangase bangakwazi ukuhumusha ulwazi olubalulekile lwezokwelapha ngokunembile; isevisi ingachaza izindlela zayo nezidingo zendawo. Umuntu angakhetha ukuthi umsekeli uyamphelezela yini, kuyilapho umhlinzeki ehlela noma yiluphi usizo lolimi oludingekayo.
Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha, khuluma nomuntu ngokuqondile futhi unikeze isikhathi sokuba umhumushi akhulume. Qinisekisa ukuthi umuntu uyawuqonda umbuzo futhi unethuba lokuphendula ngamazwi akhe. Uma umsekela, engeza imininingwane kuphela uma eyifuna.
Kufanele ngifune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?
Ubunzima bolimi bungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa ushintsho olungazelelwe lwehlukile. I-NHS yeluleka ukuthi kutholakale usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma umuntu edideka kungazelelwe. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukulahlekelwa ukuxhumana okungazelelwe kumane kuyingxenye yesifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo. Uma umuntu edideka kungazelelwe, egula kakhulu noma kunzima ukumvusa, xhumana nezinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo zendawo.
Ngezinguquko ezenzeka kancane kancane, bhala lokho okuqaphelayo bese ucela iseluleko kudokotela womuntu. Bhala ukuthi wayesebenzisa luphi ulimi, yini eyamsiza ukuxhumana nokuthi wayekhathele noma egula yini. Lokhu kuyincazelo yengxoxo, hhayi ukuxilongwa. Umhlahlandlela wethu wokuvakashela udokotela ungakusiza ukulungiselela imibuzo.
Yini engingayitshela abanye abasizayo?
Ngemvume yomuntu, gcina inothi elifushane labantu afuna ukuthi babambe iqhaza. Lingabhala ulimi noma ulimi lwesigodi aluthandayo ekukhulumeni nasekufundeni, amagama ajwayelekile noma amagama abantu, nokuthi yini emsiza ukulandela ingxoxo. Buza ukuthi ukhona yini umuntu othile afuna ukuthi afakwe ezikhathini zokubonana noma ezibuyekezweni zokunakekelwa. Gwema ukubhala imininingwane yangasese engadingeki ekusekelweni, futhi utshele umuntu ukuthi ubani ongabona inothi. Inothi lolimi lisiza abantu ukuthi baqale ingxoxo ngokukhululeka kakhudlwana; alithathi indawo yomhumushi engxoxweni eyinkimbinkimbi yezempilo.
Ngingazisekela kanjani izinqumo zomuntu?
Ulimi luyingxenye yendlela umuntu axhumana ngayo, kodwa akuyona yonke into ayiyo. Buza ngezinqubo zakhe zansuku zonke, izinto azithandayo, akuthandayo ukufunda nabantu afuna ukuthi babambe iqhaza. Uma umuntu evuma, bhala amagama noma imishwana ewusizo kwabanye abamsekelayo futhi uchaze ukuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani. Gcina amanothi eyimfihlo futhi wabelane kuphela ngalokho umuntu avumile ukwabelana ngakho.
Ungaphoqi umuntu ukuthi azilolonge, ahumushele abanye noma afakazele lokho akuqondayo. Ezinye izingxoxo zingase zibe lula ngolimi olulodwa kanti ezinye ngolunye. Ukunethezeka komuntu, ubumfihlo bakhe nezinqumo zakhe kubaluleke kakhulu kunokunamathela olimini olulodwa.
Amathiphu ethu okuxhumana ahlanganisa ukukhuluma kalula, ukulalela nokusebenzisa izithombe. Ukuze uthole usizo lokuhlela ngemva kokuxilongwa, bheka izinyathelo zokuqala ngemva kokuxilongwa kwesifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo.
Imibuzo evamile
Ingabe isifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo singenza umuntu aphinde asebenzise ulimi lwakhe lokuqala?
Abanye abantu abaphila nesifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo bangase baqale ukusebenzisa ulimi abalufunda kuqala, kanti abanye abakwenzi lokho. Okuthandwayo ngolimi kungahluka kuye ngomuntu, isihloko nosuku. Buza ukuthi yiluphi ulimi oluzwakala lukhululekile kunokuba ulusebenzise ukwahlulela isigaba somuntu.
Ingabe kufanele ngikhulume ulimi lokuqala lomuntu?
Buza ukuthi yiluphi ulimi angathanda ukulusebenzisa manje. Uma nilwabelana, sebenzisa amagama ajwayelekile futhi umnikeze isikhathi sokuphendula. Uma ungalwazi, buza ukuthi angathanda yini ukuthi umuntu amethembayo okhuluma izilimi ezimbili ajoyine ingxoxo yansuku zonke.
Kuthiwani uma ngingakuqondi lokho umuntu akushoyo?
Hlala uzolile bese umcela ukuthi akukhombise, akhombe noma asebenzise elinye igama uma ethanda. Isithombe, into ejwayelekile noma isenzo somzimba kungasiza. Ungambuzi imibuzo eminingi noma wenze sengathi uyakuqonda ulwazi olubalulekile lwezempilo.
Ngingalungiselela kanjani isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela?
Xhumana nomtholampilo ngaphambi kokuvakasha, ubatshele ukuthi yiluphi ulimi umuntu aluthandayo, bese ubuza ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zomhumushi ezikhona. Buza umuntu ukuthi ubani afuna ahambe naye; umuntu omsekelayo angaba khona ngaphandle kokukhulumela yena.
Ingabe ukushintsha kolimi okungazelelwe kuyingxenye yesifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo?
Ukushintsha kolimi kukodwa akuchazi imbangela yakho. Uma umuntu edideka kungazelelwe noma indlela axhumana ngayo ishintsha ngokushesha, thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha kunokucabanga ukuthi ukuqhubeka kwesifo sokuwohloka kwengqondo.
Imithombo
Sixhumanisa nezinhlangano nezifundo leli khasi eliklanyelwe kuzo. Lunye lwahlolwa lapho leli khasi libuyekezwa.
- How to communicate with a person with dementia · Alzheimer's Society
- Dementia and language · Alzheimer's Society
- Communication and Alzheimer's · Alzheimer's Association
- May an LEP person use a family member or friend as his or her interpreter? · U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Sudden confusion (delirium) · NHS