संखेपुत्तरं
Yo jano kaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ icchati, taṃ pucchatha. Keci dementiyā saha jīvamānā bahubhāsikā janā paṭhamaṃ sikkhitaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ sakkonti, api ca idaṃ sabbesaṃ na hoti. Paricitasadde ca saṅkete ca upayujjatha, adhikaṃ samayaṃ detha, bhentanaṭṭhānesu ca kīdiso bhāsāsahāyo labbhati, taṃ ārogyasevāya pucchatha.
- Imasmiṃ vohāre katamā bhāsā sukhā hoti, taṃ pucchatha; mā anumānetha.
- Keci janā paṭhamaṃ sikkhitaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ sakkonti, api ca idaṃ sabbesaṃ na hoti, na ca kassaci avasthaṃ dasseti.
- Paricitasadde upayujjatha, adhikaṃ samayaṃ detha, vohāraṃ cittehi vā saṅketehi vā sahāyetha.
- Ārogyabhentanānaṃ atthāya, bhentanato pubbe sevadāyakaṃ sampadetha, kīdiso bhāsāsahāyo labbhati, taṃ pucchatha.
- Sahasā vohāraparivattanaṃ saṃmohena saddhiṃ ārogyasahāyaṃ icchati.
इमस्मिं पृष्ठे (6 खण्डा)
Ye janā ekaṃ bhāsaṃ atirekaṃ voharanti, tesaṃ saddagavesanaṃ vā atthabujjhanaṃ vā dementiyā parivattamānaṃ bhinnaṃ bhavituṃ sakkoti. Keci janā paṭhamaṃ sikkhitaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ ārabhanti; keci pana na. Sabbapaṭhamaṃ sahāyakakammaṃ idaṃ hoti: idāni katamā bhāsā sukhā hoti, taṃ pucchitvā tassa janassa nayaṃ anugantabbaṃ.
Alzheimer’s Society bhaṇati: bhāsāicchā bhinnā hoti, so ca yāya bhāsāya sāmaññena voharati, sā upayujjitabbaṃ. Alzheimer’s Association pi nijabhāsāya punāgamanaṃ ekasmiṃ sambhāviyamāne vohāraparivattane dasseti. Ime parivattanā sabbesaṃ na honti, na ca kassaci avasthaṃ ācikkhanti.
Katamaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjitabbaṃ?
Imasmiṃ vohāre te kaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ icchanti, taṃ pucchatha. Tesaṃ icchā visayena, ṭhānena, vā divasavelāya parivattituṃ sakkoti. Sace te bhāsaṃ parivattenti, taṃ parikkhaṃ viya mā gaṇhatha, na ca tumhehi bujjhitabbaṃ bhāsaṃ eva upayujjituṃ nippīḷetha.
Sace tumhe tesaṃ icchitaṃ bhāsaṃ jānātha, paricitasadde upayujjatha, uttaraṃ dātuṃ samayaṃ detha. Sace thokaṃ eva jānātha, ujukaṃ bhaṇatha, saṅkete, vatthūni, vā cittāni pi upayujjatha. Alzheimer’s Society bhāsāopanayiko dasseti: bhāsāsamatthatā divasena divasaṃ bhinnā hoti, kilamathena, vedanāya, vā rogena pi pabhāvitaṃ hoti.
Niccadivasavohāre kiṃ sahāyakaṃ hoti?
Sādhāraṇavohārupāye saratha, tesaṃ bhāsāya anurūpaṃ sahāyaṃ yojetha:
- Paricitasadde ca nāmāni ca upayujjatha. Niccavatthūnaṃ, ñātīnaṃ, ca dinacariyānaṃ te vā tesaṃ vissāsikajano vā ke sadde upayujjanti, taṃ pucchatha.
- Bhaṇantā dassethāpi. Pānapātraṃ dassetha, dve vikalpe uṭṭhāpetha, vā paricitacittaṃ vatthuṃ vā upayujjatha. Sace sammāsaddo dullabho hoti, saṅketo sahāyako hoti.
- Aṭṭhātha. Suṇituṃ ca uttaraṃ dātuṃ ca samayaṃ detha. Haravākyaṃ mā pūretha, na ca ekaṃ pañhaṃ anekāsu bhāsāsu ekato mā pucchatha.
- Ekakāle ekaṃ atthaṃ gaṇhatha. Dīghavivaraṇaṃ yāya kāyaci bhāsāya dukkharaṃ hoti. Lahuṃ vākyaṃ vadetha, thokaṃ tiṭṭhatha, tato te adhikaṃ sotukāmā nu, taṃ passatha.
- Savanañca dassanañca oloketha. Cakkhupādukā, savanayanāni, sammāāloko, ca santo ṭhānaṃ bhāsaṃ anugantuṃ sukhaṃ karonti.
Sace te paṭhituṃ pasīdanti, mahantā likhitā sandesā tesaṃ bhāsāya labbhanti nu, taṃ pucchatha. Ārogyavinicchaye, anumatimhi, vā bhesajjaniddese sayameva anuvādassa mā nissayatha; mahantaṃ sandesaṃ paricārakasevāya saddhiṃ nicchetha.
Sace ahaṃ tesaṃ icchitaṃ bhāsaṃ na voharāmi, kiṃ kātabbaṃ?
Te niccavohāre kañci vissāsikaṃ dvibhāsikaṃ mittaṃ vā ñātiṃ vā sahabhāvituṃ icchanti nu, taṃ pucchatha. Te aññaṃ janaṃ anuvādakaṃ icchanti, evaṃ mā maññatha; te saṅkete, citte, vā ubhinnaṃ ñātaṃ aññaṃ bhāsaṃ pasīdituṃ sakkonti.
Ārogyabhentanāya vā aññasmiṃ sallāpe yattha suṭṭhu sandeso avassako hoti, bhentanato pubbe tikicchālayaṃ vā paricārakasevaṃ vā sampadetha. Tesaṃ icchitaṃ bhāsaṃ ācikkhatha, kīdiso bhāsāsahāyo labbhati taṃ pucchatha. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services selleti: ñātayo vā mittā vā mahantaṃ ārogyasandesaṃ sammā anuvādetuṃ na sakkonti; sevā attano vikalpe ca ṭhāniyaniyame ca ācikkhituṃ sakkoti. Sahāyako sahagacchatu nu, taṃ te cinanti; avassako bhāsāsahāyo sevadāyakena saṃvidahitabbo.
Bhentanavelāya taṃ janaṃ eva ujukaṃ āmantetha, anuvādakassa voharituṃ samayaṃ detha. Te pañhaṃ bujjhanti, attano saddehi uttaraṃ dātuṃ avasaraṃ labhanti, taṃ nicchetha. Sace tumhe sahāyakā hotha, te icchanti ce eva adhikaṃ vivaraṇaṃ detha.
Kadā ārogyasallāpo yācitabbo?
Bhāsādukkarāni kālena parivattituṃ sakkonti, api ca sahasā parivattanaṃ aññathā hoti. NHS ovadati: sace koci sahasā saṃmūḷho hoti, sighaṃ ārogyasahāyaṃ labhatha. Sahasā vohāranāso dementiyā bhāgo eva, evaṃ mā maññatha. Sace jano sahasā saṃmūḷho hoti, bahu asappāyo hoti, vā pabodhetuṃ dukkharo hoti, ṭhāniyaṃ sighaṃ ārogyasevaṃ sampadetha.
Saṇhikaparivattanesu, yaṃ passatha taṃ likhatha, tassa tikicchakena sallāpaṃ yācatha. Te kaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjiṃsu, kiṃ vohāre sahāyakaṃ ahosi, te kilantā vā asappāyā vā ahesuṃ, taṃ likhatha. Idaṃ sallāpāya vivaraṇaṃ hoti, na vinicchayo. Amhākaṃ bhentanopanayiko pañhe paṭiyādetuṃ sahāyako hoti.
Aññe sahāyake kiṃ ācikkhitabbaṃ?
Tesaṃ anumatiyā, ye janā tesaṃ icchitā honti tesaṃ atthāya lahuṃ lekhaṃ ṭhapetha. Tattha vohārāya vā paṭhanāya vā tesaṃ icchitā bhāsā vā upabhāsā vā, paricitasaddā vā nāmāni vā, vohāraṃ anugantuṃ kiṃ sahāyakaṃ hoti, taṃ likhituṃ sakkā. Bhentanāsu vā paricariyāsandesesu vā kehi saddhiṃ te icchanti, taṃ pucchatha. Sahāyāya anavassake guḷhe vivaraṇe mā likhatha, ko taṃ lekhaṃ passituṃ sakkoti taṃ ācikkhatha. Bhāsālekho vohāraṃ ārabhituṃ sukhaṃ karoti; so pana saṅkhittārogyasallāpe anuvādakassa ṭhānaṃ na gaṇhāti.
Tassa janassa icchā kathaṃ rakkhitabbā?
Bhāsā tassa janassa sambandhassa bhāgo hoti, api ca so jano na kevalaṃ bhāsā hoti. Tesaṃ dinacariyā, ruciyo, paṭhanicchā, ca te kehi saddhiṃ sahabhāvituṃ icchanti, taṃ pucchatha. Sace te anujānanti, aññesaṃ sahāyakānaṃ atthāya sahāyakasadde vā vākye vā likhatha, te kathaṃ upayujjitabbe taṃ selleta. Lekhā guḷhā ṭhapetabbā, te yaṃ anujānanti taṃ eva saṃvibhajitabbaṃ.
Taṃ janaṃ abhyāsaṃ kātuṃ, aññesaṃ anuvādetuṃ, vā kiṃ bujjhati taṃ dassetuṃ mā nippīḷetha. Ekasmiṃ vohāre ekā bhāsā sukhā hoti, aññasmiṃ aññā. Tesaṃ sukhaṃ, guḷhattaṃ, ca icchā ekameva bhāsaṃ dhāretuṃ atirekatarā honti.
Amhākaṃ vohāraupadesā saralavacanaṃ, savanaṃ, ca cittupayogaṃ dassenti. Vinicchayato pacchā paṭiyojanāya sahāyāya, dementiyāvinicchayato pacchā paṭhamapadāni oloketha.
साधारण पुच्छा
Kiṃ dementiyā kāraṇena jano puna paṭhamabhāsaṃ upayujjissati?
Keci dementiyā saha jīvamānā janā paṭhamaṃ sikkhitaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ ārabhituṃ sakkonti, keci pana na. Bhāsāicchā janena, visayena, divasena ca bhinnā hoti. Kassaci avasthaṃ vinicchituṃ taṃ mā upayujjatha; katamā bhāsā sukhā hoti, taṃ pucchatha.
Kiṃ mayā tassa paṭhamabhāsāya voharitabbaṃ?
Idāni te kaṃ bhāsaṃ upayujjituṃ icchanti, taṃ pucchatha. Sace tumhe taṃ bhāsaṃ jānātha, paricitasadde upayujjatha, uttaraṃ dātuṃ samayaṃ detha. Sace na jānātha, te niccadivasavohāre kañci vissāsikaṃ dvibhāsikaṃ janaṃ sahabhāvituṃ icchanti nu, taṃ pucchatha.
Sace ahaṃ tassa vuttaṃ na bujjhāmi, kiṃ kātabbaṃ?
Santo hotha. Sace te icchanti, dassetuṃ, aṅguliyaṃ dassetuṃ, vā aññaṃ saddaṃ upayujjituṃ pucchatha. Cittaṃ, paricitavatthu vā saṅketo vā sahāyako hoti. Te mā parikkhatha, na ca mahantaṃ ārogyasandesaṃ bujjhāmīti mā dassetha.
Ārogyabhentanāya ahaṃ kathaṃ paṭiyādetuṃ sakkomi?
Bhentanato pubbe tikicchālayaṃ sampadetha, jano kaṃ bhāsaṃ pasīdati taṃ ācikkhatha, kīdisā bhāsāsahāyavikalpā labbhanti taṃ pucchatha. Kena saddhiṃ te gantuṃ icchanti, taṃ pucchatha; sahāyako tesaṃ ṭhāne voharituṃ vinā sahagantuṃ sakkoti.
Kiṃ sahasā bhāsāparivattanaṃ dementiyā bhāgo hoti?
Bhāsāparivattanaṃ ekakeneva tassa kāraṇaṃ na dasseti. Sace jano sahasā saṃmūḷho hoti, vā tassa vohāro sahasā parivattati, dementiyā vaḍḍhanaṃ maññituṃ vinā sighaṃ ārogyasahāyaṃ labhatha.
सोता
यानि संस्था-अध्ययनानि इमं पृष्ठं अवलम्बति, तेसं सम्बन्धा मयं दस्सेम। पृष्ठस्स अद्यतनकाले प्रत्येकं परिक्खितं।
- How to communicate with a person with dementia · Alzheimer's Society
- Dementia and language · Alzheimer's Society
- Communication and Alzheimer's · Alzheimer's Association
- May an LEP person use a family member or friend as his or her interpreter? · U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Sudden confusion (delirium) · NHS