Sundowning: Anwummere Ahomeka Nneɛma Ma Dementia Nnipa

Nnipa pii hunu saa nneɛma yi: anɔpa mmere yɛ dodo, nanso sɛ awia rekɔ so no, obi a ɔwɔ dementia no bɛyɛ anibɔ, ahoɔfɛ, ahoɔhare anaa ɔbɛyɛ ntɛm abɔ. Ebia ɔbɛtu nantew, ɔbɛbisa sɛ “ma me kɔ fie” bere a ɔwɔ fie ara, anaa ɔbɛyɛ ntɛm abɔ. Ɛno na wɔfrɛ no sundowning.

Ɛnni ɔkwan koro a ɛbɛyɛ ho ara, nanso sɛ wosesa ɛda no mu nhyehyɛe, dan no ne nneyɛe a wobɛma no no, ebetumi ama anwummere ayɛ fɛ. Saa nsɛm yi firi National Institute on Aging ne Alzheimer’s Association mu, ɛnyɛ ayaresa akwankyerɛ. Sɛ ahoɔhare yɛ foforɔ, ntɛmntɛm anaa ɛrekɔ so yɛ den, kasa kyerɛ obi a ɔyɛ ɔdɔkota.

Sundowning ne dɛn?

Sundowning ne ahoɔfɛ, ahoɔhare, ahoɔhyɛ anaa ahoɔhare a ɛfiri ɛberɛ a owia rehwe ase, anwummere mmɛfiri anaa ɔbɔdam. National Institute on Aging (NIA) ka sɛ ɛtɔ obi a ɔyɛ ɛmmoa kɛse nso betumi ama anwummere ahoɔhare ayɛ den.

Dɛn na ebetumi ama anwummere ahoɔhare ayɛ den?

Nneɛma bi betumi aboa, na ebia ɛbɛba mu bɛyɛ bɛboro. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ nneɛma te sɛ:

• ɛmmoa kɛse a ɛfiri da a ɛyɛ ma;
• baabi foforɔ anaa baabi a ɛyɛ nkyɛnkyɛn;
• “ɔfã ɔhyɛ” a ɛnyɛ pɛ, a ɛma obi daa da ɛmmɔ hyɛ ɛnanso anadwo ne ɛmmɔ ahoɔhare;
• hann a ɛyɛ kakra ne sum, a ɛbɛma ɛnyɛ nnuhwam;
• ɔhaw anaa ahoɔfɛ a obi a ɛwɔ ne ho hyia nkɔ ne nkyɛn ahu;
• nnɛyɛ a ɛyɛ kakra, a ɛboro ɛbɛyɛ kɛse wɔ mpanyin mu.

NIA ka nso sɛ ahoɔhare a ɛfiri nneɛma bi, a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ: yaw, ɔsɔfoɔ ne ɛmmɔ nsɛm, nnɛyɛ a ɛyɛ kakra, nnipa pii anaa nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛ wɔ hɔ, mpapa anaa aduro a ɛbɛka nea ɛyɛ no ho.

Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na mahyehyɛ da no ama anwummere ayɛ fɛ?

Fa nneɛma a ɛhwehwɛ mmɔden kɔ anɔpa, na ma anwummere nyɛ mmerɛ, ɛnyɛ den na ɛyɛ nea wobɛhwɛ kwan. NIA ne Alzheimer’s Association paa sɛ wɔyɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ pɛ. Sɛ ɛda bi a wobɛsesa de wo ankasa ho:

Nsɛm bi a ɛfiri akwan no mu:

• Owia. NIA kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ɛma wɔnya owia da biara wɔ dɔnhwɛ anaa adwuma bi a wɔyɛ baabi a owia wɔ.
• Nneyɛe a ɛyɛ ɛmmoa, nanso ɛnyɛ den. Yɛ nneyɛe a ɛyɛ ɛmmoa da biara, nanso nhyɛ nneyɛe pii, sɛnea NIA kyerɛ.
• Nsuo a wɔnom anwummere. Gyae nsa ahobɔ ne nsuo a ɛwɔ kafe, te sɛ kɔfi anaa kola, anwummere (NIA). Alzheimer’s Association ka nso nicotine.
• Ɔsoɔ. Gyae ɔsoɔ tenten ne ɔsoɔ a wɔda anwummere (NIA). Alzheimer’s Association ka sɛ sɛ anadwo ho ɔhaw a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtew ɔsoɔ a wɔda.

Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wokenkan ɛda ho nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ pɛ, hwɛ daily routine activities.

Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na mabɔ fie no ayɛ ahomeka anwummere?

Tew nneɛma, de owia ma, na kora nneɛma a wɔn ani gye ntam.

• Hann a ɛyɛ pɛ, a ɛnyɛ kɛse. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ sɛ fie no hann pɛpɛɛpɛ anwummere. Hyehyɛ hann ansa na sum aba.
• Nnwomnwom a ɛyɛ kakra. Gyae TV ne radio anaa ma wɔnnwen mu kakra, na tew nnipa a wɔbɛba anaa adwuma a ɛyɛ fie a ɛbɛyɛ nnwiriw wɔ saa bere yi. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ma wɔtew anwummere nneɛma te sɛ TV, adwuma ne nnwom a ɛyɛ kɛse.
• Nneɛma a wɔn ani gye. NIA kyerɛ sɛ nnwom a ɛma ahomeka ne nneɛma a obi dɔ ne mfonini ka fie mu.
• Ahoɔfɛ hwehwɛ. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ sɛ wohwɛ yaw, ɔkɔm, nsuo a ɛho hia, aduane, nsuo a ɛyɛ den, dwumadi a ɛfa ɔdɔ ho, nkɔnnɔ, ɔhyew a ɛyɛ den, ne awosow a ɛbɔ ahoɔfɛ, na ɛdɛ a ɛwɔ dan no nyɛ ɔhyew anaa nkyɛn.
• Wo ankasa ahoɔden. Nnipa tew ahoɔhare. NIA kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wo ho ahohia ma ɔhaw ka ho a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtew ntɛm na wɔhyɛ wo ho nsow.

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛdwodwo a yɛbɛyɛ anwummere?

Paw nneɛma a ɛyɛ nea wɔn ani gye, ɛnyɛ ntɛm, na ɛyɛ ntɛm sɛ wɔbɛgyae. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ nneɛma a ɛdwodwo te sɛ nnwom a ɛma ahomeka, mfonini anaa sini a wɔpɛ, ne ɔsɛkɛ a wɔnam ho kɔ anwummere mu sɛ ɛboa ma ahoɔhare ayɛ fɛ. NIA kyerɛ aduane anaa nsuo, TV a wɔpɛ, nnwom, ɔsɛkɛ, kenkan, anaa adwuma a ɛyɛ kakra te sɛ ntadeɛ a wɔde bɔ ntama.

Nneɛma a yebetumi ayɛ:

1. Fa ntama ka ho. NIA kyerɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ kakra sɛɛ. Atadeɛ ye den ma wɔnyɛ adwuma, na adwuma no wɔ awiei a ɛda so.
2. Gyina nnwom a wɔpɛ so. Nnwom a wɔtɔɔ bere a na wɔyɛ mmofra, a ɛyɛ nea ɛnyɛ kɛse. Sɛ wɔbɛto ne nkɔ anaa wɔbɛdwo no, ɛyɛ. Hwɛ music activities nso.
3. Hwɛ mfonini. Mfonini a wɔde toto abɔ mu, anaa mfonini bi a ɛfa abusua ho wɔ Photo Pairs mu, a mfonini no da so, betumi de nkɔkɔbɔ a ɛyɛ kakra aba.
4. Kɔ ntam tenten. Wɔ ahyeneɛ, kwano anaa ɔfa a ɛwɔ fie mu, ansa na sum aba.
5. Di aduane ne nsuo bi. Biribi a ɛyɛ mmerɛ, ɛyɛ hyew, a kafe nni mu, wɔ abɛnkyɛn so mu bom.
6. Matching a ɛyɛ mmerɛ. Picture Pairs a ɛwɔ mmɔntwe anan ne mfonini a wɔda so no yɛ mmerɛ sɛ wɔbɛfiri ase na ɛyɛ mmerɛ sɛ wɔbɛgyae.
7. Gyina ntwerɛ so. Coloring wɔ scrɔn so anaa wɔ krataa a wɔabɔ so, a wɔnhwehwɛ sɛ wɔbɛwie.
8. Hwɛ ne kasa. Conversation Cards de mfonini ne asɛmmisa bi ma. Sɛ wohwɛ kɛkɛ no nso ɛyɛ.
9. Ahyɛnsɛm a wobɛyɛ. Calm Breathing yɛ ahyɛnsɛm a ɛyɛ ntɛm, ɛnyɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ anibɔ, na wo ankasa betumi afi ase anaa agyae.
10. Nsa adwuma. Bɔ bataa anaa nkwadaa ho, poma nsanee a ɛyɛ mmerɛ, anaa kyere nneɛma a obi dɔ. Hwɛ sensory activities.

Gyae nnwuma foforɔ, nnwinnade a ɛyɛ kɛse ne biribiara a ɛhwehwɛ adwene pii anwummere. Yɛ saa nneɛma yi anɔpa.

Dɛn na mayɛ sɛ ahoɔhare fi ase?

Gyina ahomeka, ka asɛm a ɛma wo ho yɛ komm, na kɔ so ka asɛm a ɛyɛ ntɛm. NIA kyerɛ sɛ ka asɛm ahomeka, tie nsɛm a obi ka, nni asɛm ho ntoatoaso, ka ma ɔnte sɛ ɔwɔ ahobammɔ, na fa nsa a ɛyɛ ntɛm bɔ no sɛ ɛboa. Afei sɔ ɔkwan foforɔ: aduane, nsuo, nnwom anaa nantew.

Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ nsɛm te sɛ “Wowɔ ahobammɔ wɔ ha” ne “Me ani nnye sɛ wo ho yɛ komm,” na ɛka sɛ wɔde hann, ntɛm nantew ne nneɛma a ɛnyɛ kɛse ka ho. Nyɛ obi ɔkwan kɔ fam, nni ne mu anaa ma ɔnnyina, na nkasa nkɔ ne ho.

Sɛ obi yɛ ɔbɔnefo, NIA ka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne no tena ahobammɔ kɔsi sɛ ɔhyɛ no nsow. Wɔ ahohiahia mu, frɛ 112 na ka sɛ obi no wɔ dementia.

Yɛn akwankyerɛ a ɛfa communication ne what to do when they say no wɔ asɛmfua a ɛma ahomeka ho nsɛm pii.

Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na mahu nneɛma a ɛma ɛba?

Kɔ akontaabu a ɛyɛ nnawɔtwe anaa nnawɔtwe mmienu. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ sɛ wɔntwa nneɛma a ɛkɔ ɛberɛ a sundowning ba so, na wɔahu nneɛma a ɛma ɛba. Kyerɛ bere a ahoɔhare fii ase, nneɛma a ɛkɔ hɔ wɔ ɛberɛ wɔ hɔ, ɔsoɔ, didi ne nsuo, nnipa a wɔbɛba, nnwom ne hann. Fa akontaabu no kɔ dɔkota nkyɛn. NIA kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra no, ɛboa ma wɔn a wɔhwɛ ho ne ayaresa adwumfo betumi ahu ɔkwan a ɛbɛba.

Ɛberɛ bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mefrɛ dɔkota wɔ sundowning ho?

Frɛ obi a ɔyɛ ɔdɔkota ma wɔn a wɔwɔ yare no sɛ ahoɔhare yɛ foforɔ, ɛrekɔ so yɛ den ntɛmntɛm, anaa ɛba ne nneɛma foforɔ. NIA ka sɛ nneɛma a ɛsakra ntɛmntɛm anaa a ɛrekɔ so, titiriw bere a yare anaa aduro a wɔasesa ba akyi, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛ dɔkota ntɛmntɛm.

Bisa dɔkota sɛ ɔnhwehwɛ nneɛma a ɛma anwummere ayɛ den. Alzheimer’s Association kyerɛ ɔhaw a ɛfa ɔdeɛ ho te sɛ urinary tract infection, ɛnkɔnsɛn ahoɔfɛ, nkɔnkɔnkɔn a ɛma ɛnyɛ ne ho nyɛ, ne ɔsoɔ a ɛyɛ den, na ɛka sɛ wɔbisa sɛ aduro biara ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde a bere bɛn na ɛyɛ.

Alzheimer’s Association ka sɛ nneyɛe a ɛnni aduro di kan ma ɔsoɔ ho ɔhaw a ɛfa Alzheimer’s ho, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsusuw aduro a wɔde ma anwummere ahoɔhare ho ansa na wɔde ba, sɛ nneyɛe no ankɔ yie. Saa abɔdeɛ no yɛ dɔkota de. Mfa aduro, ɔsoɔ aduro anaa nnuan biara nnfi ase, nnyina anaa nsesa mu, ɛsɛ se wonni akwankyerɛ a ɛfiri ayaresa mu.

Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na mabɔ me ankasa ho ban anwummere?

Anwummere mmɛfiri ebetumi ayɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ den ara wɔ obi a ɔhwɛ ho adwuma nyinaa mu. Sɛ wotumi, bisa abusua, nnamfo anaa obi a wɔtua ne sika a ɔboa mma ɛberɛ no, sɛ ɛba nnɛ mmiɛnsa a ɛnyɛ ɛda ɛkɔsi bere a ɛyɛ dɔ. Yɛn akwankyerɛ a ɛfa caregiver self-care kyerɛ akwan a wobɛfa so akɔ ɔkwan a ɛma wo ho ayɛ fɛ, ne Alzheimer’s Association 24/7 Helpline a wɔntua ka.