Ŋuɖoɖo kpuia
Le 2024 me la, Lancet Habɔbɔa yɔ dementia ƒe afɔku nu 14 siwo woate ŋu atrɔ: sukudede sue, nusese ƒe kuxi, LDL cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ, nuxaxa, ta ƒe abi, ŋutilãmewɔwɔ manɔmee, sukli dɔléle, atamanono, ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo si kɔ gbɔ, lolo akpa, ahamumu fũu akpa, ameɖekaɖekanɔnɔ, ya ƒe ɖiƒoƒo kple ŋku ƒe kuxi si womekpɔ egbɔ o. Wo katã do ƒome kple xexeame katã ƒe nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 45% ene, gake menye kakaɖedzi aɖeke li na ame ɖekaɖeka o.
- Nu 14 siawo kaka ɖe agbenɔƒe blibo la dzi: ɖeka le ɖevime, ewo le agbenɔƒe titina, eye etɔ̃ le agbenɔƒe megbe.
- Nusese ƒe kuxi kple LDL cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ le agbenɔƒe titina dometɔ ɖe sia ɖe do ƒome kple xexeame katã ƒe dementia nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 7% ene, si nye akpa gãtɔ kekeake le nu ɖekaɖekaawo dome.
- Aɖaŋu siawo nye dukɔ blibo ƒe akɔntabubu siwo xɔe se be nuwo doa ƒome kple wo nɔewo. Kadodo aɖewo ate ŋu anye esiwo menye blibo keŋkeŋ o.
- Ƒe kple dzɔdzɔmenuwo, siwo ame aɖeke mate ŋu atrɔ o, hã nye afɔku gãwo. Afɔku 14 siawo dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ mena kakaɖedzi be ame aɖeke maxɔ dementia o.
- Afɔɖeɖe siwo le eme ƒe akpa gãtɔ, abe ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo, nusese kple ŋku me lékpɔkpɔ ene, nyo na lãmesẽ le mɔ bubuwo hã nu eye wònyo be nàdzro wo me kple ɖɔkta.
Le axa sia dzi (7 akpawo) .
Afɔku nue nye nane si do ƒome kple mɔnukpɔkpɔ si le kɔkɔm wu be nànɔ te ɖe dɔléle aɖe ŋu. Menye susu le nudzɔdzɔ ɖe sia ɖe me o, eye ne afɔku aɖe le ŋuwò la, menye fia be àxɔ dementia o. Axa sia ɖe dementia ƒe afɔku nu 14 siwo Lancet Habɔbɔa gblɔ le 2024 me be woate ŋu atrɔ la me, nu si numekukuwo ɖe fia tso wo ŋu, kple nya siwo nàte ŋu adzro kple ɖɔkta.
Ne èdi be yeakpɔ nyaa bliboa, si me nu si dodokpɔ gãwo kpɔ hã le la, dze egɔme kple Ðe woate ŋu axe mɔ na dementia? Nu si numekukuwo gblɔ. Esia nye nyatakaka gbadza, menye ɖɔktatɔ ƒe aɖaŋuɖoɖo o; kpɔ míaƒe lãmesẽnyawo ŋuti nyatakaka.
Nu kae nye dementia ƒe afɔku nu 14?
Le 2024 me la, Lancet Habɔbɔa, si dementia numekulawo 27 ŋlɔ, bu akɔnta be afɔku nu 14 siwo woate ŋu atrɔ la katã kpɔa gome le xexeame katã ƒe dementia nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 45% me. Aɖaŋu si le afɔku ɖe sia ɖe te le ete nye Habɔbɔa ƒe akɔntabubu le akpa si le nudzɔdzɔwo me le xexeame katã si do ƒome kplii, eye wowu enu ɖe xexlẽdzesi blibo dzi. Xexlẽdzesi siawo doa go wo nɔewo, elabena ame geɖe ƒe afɔkuwo sɔ gbɔ wu ɖeka le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me; esiae tae wole 45% me, ke menye esi wu nenema o.
| Afɔku nu | Agbenɔƒe | Akpa le nudzɔdzɔwo me | Nu si numekukuwo ɖe fia | Nu si nàte ŋu awɔ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sukudede sue | Ðevime | 5% | Sukudede ƒe ƒe suewo do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Susumewɔwɔ le agbenɔƒe titina hã dzena abe nu si kpɔa ame ta ene, ne ame aɖe mede suku geɖe o gɔ̃ hã. | Yi edzi nànɔ nu srɔ̃m eye nànɔ nu siwo doa susu ɖa wɔm le ƒe sia ƒe me: nuxexlẽ, modzakaɖenuwɔnawo, sukuklaswo, kple fefewo kple ame bubuwo. |
| Nusese ƒe kuxi | Agbenɔƒe titina | 7% | Nusese ƒe kuxi si womekpɔ egbɔ o do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Numekuku siwo kplɔa amewo ɖo le ɣeyiɣi aɖe me ɖee fia be nusese dɔwɔnu zazã do ƒome kple afɔku si le sue wu. | Na woalé ŋku ɖe wò nusese ŋu. Bia ne nusese dɔwɔnuwo ate ŋu akpe ɖe ŋuwò, eye nàzã wo ne woɖo wo na wò. Kpɔ towo ta tso ɖi sesẽ gbɔ. |
| LDL cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ | Agbenɔƒe titina (tso abe ƒe 40 ene) | 7% | LDL (“vɔ̃”) cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ le agbenɔƒe titina do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Numekuku siwo léa ŋku ɖe amewo ŋu ɖee fia be statin zazã do ƒome kple afɔku si le sue wu, gake dodokpɔwo le agbenɔƒe megbe meɖee fia o. | Bia wò ɖɔkta ne ele be woalé ŋku ɖe wò cholesterol ŋu kple nu si, ne ɖe wòhiã, nàwɔ le eŋu. |
| Nuxaxa | Agbenɔƒe titina | 3% | Nuxaxa do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Le agbenɔƒe megbe la, nuxaxa ate ŋu anye dementia ƒe dzesi gbãtɔwo dometɔ ɖeka hã. | Gblɔ na ɖɔkta tso dzigbɔɖi alo didi ƒe bu si nɔa anyi wu kɔsiɖa eve ŋu. Woate ŋu akpɔ nuxaxa gbɔ. |
| Ta ƒe abi | Agbenɔƒe titina | 3% | Ta ƒe abi le ƒe sia ƒe me kple tso dzɔtsoƒe sia dzɔtsoƒe, si me kamedefefewo hã le, do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. | Do gakuku ne èle gasɔ dom alo le kamedefefe siwo me amewo doa go wo nɔewo le wɔm. Bia tso anyidzedze ƒe mɔxexe ŋu. Dzudzɔ eye na woalé ŋku ɖe ŋuwò le ta ƒe abi megbe. |
| Ŋutilãmewɔwɔ manɔmee | Agbenɔƒe titina | 2% | Ame siwo wɔa kamedede kple fefewo ƒe mɔnukpɔkpɔ be woaxɔ dementia la le sue wu. Dodokpɔwo ƒe kpeɖodzi gale sue. | Bia nuwɔna kae le dedie na wò, eye nàdi nane si vivia nuwò. Kpɔ míaƒe kamedede ƒe mɔfiame. |
| Sukli dɔléle | Agbenɔƒe titina | 2% | Sukli dɔléle, vevietɔ ne edze egɔme le agbenɔƒe titina alo nɔa anyi didi wu, do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. | Na woalé ŋku ɖe ʋu me sukli ŋu. Ne sukli dɔléle le ŋuwò la, wɔ dɔ kple wò lãmesẽkɔlawo be nàkpɔ edzi dedie. |
| Atamanono | Agbenɔƒe titina | 2% | Atamanono do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be ame siwo dzudzɔ atamanono ƒe afɔku me kɔ gbɔ abe ame siwo gale enom ene o. | Bia kpekpeɖeŋu be nàdzudzɔ. Edzea agbagba be nàdzudzɔ le ƒe sia ƒe me. |
| Ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo si kɔ gbɔ | Agbenɔƒe titina | 2% | Ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo si kɔ gbɔ le agbenɔƒe titina do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Dodokpɔwo le ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo ƒe atike ŋu ɖee fia be dementia alo susumewɔwɔ ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ ƒe afɔku le sue vie. | Nya wò xexlẽdzesiwo. Habɔbɔa aɖaŋue nye be xexlẽdzesi si le dzi (top number) nanɔ 130 alo esi le sue wu tso abe ƒe 40 ene; bia taɖodzinu kae sɔ na wò. |
| Lolo akpa | Agbenɔƒe titina | 1% | Lolo akpa le agbenɔƒe titina do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu, eye wònaa sukli dɔléle ƒe afɔku hã dzina ɖe edzi. | Bia wò ɖɔkta tso kpekpeme si nyo na wò ŋu. Mele be ame tsitsiwo naɖe nuɖuɖu dzi akpɔtɔ be yewoaɖi kpekpeme ne ɖɔkta meɖo aɖaŋu o. |
| Ahamumu fũu akpa | Agbenɔƒe titina | 1% | Ahamumu fũu akpa do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Aha dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ tso ahamumu fũu akpa me do ƒome kple afɔku si le sue wu. | Bia seɖoƒe si le dedie na wò, vevietɔ kple wò atikewo. |
| Ameɖekaɖekanɔnɔ | Agbenɔƒe megbe | 5% | Ne mèdoa go ame bubuwo enuenu o la, edo ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. | Nɔ kadodo me kple amewo le mɔ siwo vivia nuwò nu. Kpɔ míaƒe kadodo kple ame bubuwo ƒe mɔfiame. |
| Ya ƒe ɖiƒoƒo | Agbenɔƒe megbe | 3% | Nɔnɔ le ya ƒe ɖiƒoƒo geɖe me do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Numekukuwo ɖee fia be ya si me kɔ wu do ƒome kple afɔku si le sue wu. | Esia ku ɖe dukɔa ƒe ɖoɖowo ŋu wu. Lé ŋku ɖe mia gbɔ ya ƒe nyonyome ŋuti nuxlɔ̃amewo ŋu eye nàɖe ɣeyiɣi si nènɔa gota dzi akpɔtɔ le ŋkeke siwo dzi ya ɖiƒoƒo le gbɔ. |
| Ŋku ƒe kuxi si womekpɔ egbɔ o | Agbenɔƒe megbe | 2% | Ŋku ƒe kuxi siwo womeɖɔ ɖo o do ƒome kple afɔku si kɔ gbɔ wu. Numekuku gã ɖeka le United States ɖee fia be ŋku ƒe atike (cataract) ƒe dɔwɔwɔ do ƒome kple afɔku si le sue wu. | Na woalé ŋku ɖe wò ŋkuwo ŋu edziedzi. Bia ne woate ŋu akpɔ kuxiwo abe cataract ene gbɔ. |
Aleke wòle be maxlẽ aɖaŋu siawoe?
Kple beléle. Habɔbɔa ŋutɔ ƒe nyatakaka gblɔ nya aɖewo siwo nyo be nàlé ɖe susu me:
- Woɖea dukɔwo ƒe nɔnɔme fiana, menye ame ɖekaɖekawo tɔ o. University College London ƒe nyatakaka ƒe kpukpui gblɔ be afɔku dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ wɔa dɔ le dukɔ blibo me, gake mena kakaɖedzi be ame ɖekaɖeka aɖe maxɔ dementia o.
- Woxɔe se be nuwo doa ƒome kple wo nɔewo. Nuŋlɔlawo tsɔ afɔku nu siwo ŋu kpeɖodzi sesẽwo le ko ɖe eme, gake wogblɔ be kadodo aɖewo ate ŋu anye esiwo menye blibo keŋkeŋ o.
- Wonye xexeame katã ƒe xexlẽdzesiwo. Nyatakaka akpa gãtɔ tso dukɔ siwo kpɔa ga geɖe me, eye akpa si le dukɔ alo nutoa me ɖe sia ɖe me ŋutɔŋutɔ ato vovo.
- Aɖaŋu suewo hã ate ŋu anye nu vevi. Afɔku nu si do ƒome kple xexeame katã ƒe nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe 2% gɔ̃ hã kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe ame gbogbo aɖewo ŋu ŋutɔ.
Afɔku nu kawo va kpe ɖe wo ŋu le 2024 me?
Nyatakaka si wòɖe ɖe go le 2024 me tsɔ afɔku nu eve kpe ɖe 12 siwo woyɔ le 2020 me ŋu:
- LDL cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ le agbenɔƒe titina, si do ƒome kple nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 7%.
- Ŋku ƒe kuxi si womekpɔ egbɔ o le agbenɔƒe megbe, si do ƒome kple nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 2%.
Afɔku nu kawo womate ŋu atrɔ o?
National Institute on Aging gblɔ be ƒee nye afɔku gãtɔ si wonya le Alzheimer ŋu, eye ame aɖeke mate ŋu atrɔe o. Dzɔdzɔmenuwo hã kpɔa gome le eme; dzɔdzɔmenu ɖeka si wonya nyuie si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe Alzheimer ƒe afɔku dzi ye nye APOE. NIA gblɔ kpee be dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunyalawo mese nu si hea Alzheimer vɛ le ame akpa gãtɔ gome bliboe haɖe o. Lancet Habɔbɔa gblɔ be woate ŋu aɖe afɔku siwo woate ŋu atrɔ dzi akpɔtɔ, ne dzɔdzɔmenu ƒe afɔku ka ke le ame aɖe ŋu o.
Esi ƒe kple dzɔdzɔmenuwo kpɔa gome gã aɖe ta la, ame geɖe siwo ƒe afɔku nu 14 siawo dometɔ aɖeke mele wo ŋu o la gaxɔa dementia. Menye ame aɖeke ƒe vodadae o.
Nu kae dodokpɔwo ƒe kpeɖodzi gblɔ tso afɔku siawo tɔtrɔ ŋu?
Ne wogblɔ be afɔku nu aɖe do ƒome kple dementia la, menye fia be ne woetrɔe la, eɖea dementia ƒe afɔku dzi kpɔtɔ o. Kpɔɖeŋu ʋɛ aɖewo le afisi dodokpɔwo ƒe kpeɖodzi le fifia:
- Ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo. Le SPRINT MIND dodokpɔa me la, ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo ƒe taɖodzinu si le sue wu ɖe susumewɔwɔ ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ fafɛ (mild cognitive impairment) dzi kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ. Meɖe dementia si ŋu wosusu dzi kpɔtɔ ŋutɔ o, togbɔ be ɖewohĩ dodokpɔa mesɔ gbɔ be wòaɖee afia o hã (SPRINT MIND le JAMA).
- Nusese dɔwɔnuwo. Lancet Habɔbɔa ƒo nu tso nusese dɔwɔnu ƒe dodokpɔ si xɔ ƒe etɔ̃ ŋu, si mekpɔ ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi blibo aɖeke ɖe susumewɔwɔ dzi o, gake ekpe ɖe ame siwo ƒe afɔku le kɔkɔm wu ƒe akpa aɖe ŋu. Numekuku siwo kplɔa amewo ɖo le ɣeyiɣi aɖe me ɖee fia be nusese dɔwɔnu zazã do ƒome kple afɔku si le sue wu. Míaƒe nusese ƒe mɔfiame gblɔ nya bubuwo.
- Ŋutilãmewɔwɔ. National Institute on Aging gblɔ be dodokpɔwo ƒe kpeɖodzi mesɔ gbɔ be woatso nya me be kamedede ate ŋu axe mɔ na alo aɖe susumewɔwɔ ƒe gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔ fafɛ alo Alzheimer dzi akpɔtɔ o, togbɔ be numekuku aɖewo ɖee fia be ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu le ƒexɔxɔ ƒe tɔtrɔwo gome hã (NIA tso Alzheimer ƒe mɔxexe ŋu).
Dodokpɔ didi siwo lalaa be dementia nadze la xɔa ɣeyiɣi eye woxɔa ga geɖe, eyata le afɔku nu geɖe gome la, kpeɖodzi nyuitɔwo agayi edzi atso numekuku siwo kplɔa amewo ɖo ƒe geɖe me. Kpeɖodzi mawo le vevie, gake womenye sesẽ abe dodokpɔ ene o.
Alɔ̃ kple nuɖuɖu ya ɖe?
Habɔbɔa lé ŋku ɖe alɔ̃ kple nuɖuɖu ŋu gake metsɔ wo kpe ɖe xexlẽdzesia ŋu o, elabena kpeɖodzia menye sesẽ alo nɔ teƒe ɖeka o. Míaƒe mɔfiamewo tso alɔ̃ kple nuɖuɖu ŋu ɖe nu si wonya me.
Dzro nya me kple ɖɔkta
Ƒe sia ƒe ƒe lãmesẽ lékpɔkpɔ nye ɣeyiɣi nyui aɖe be nàƒo nu tso nya siawo ŋu. Àte ŋu atsɔ xexlẽdzesi sia ava eye nàbia be:
- Nye ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo, ʋu me sukli kple cholesterol ƒe xexlẽdzesiwo ɖe? Ðe ɖe aɖe hiã ŋkuléleɖenuŋua?
- Ðe wòle be woalé ŋku ɖe nye nusese kple ŋkuwo ŋua?
- Ðe nuwɔna si mewɔna le dedie eye wòsɔ nam nua?
- Ðe nye atikeawo dometɔ aɖe ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ŋkuɖoɖo alo susumewɔwɔ dzia?
Hafi nàtrɔ atike, nuɖuɖu, nuɖuɖumadzimadzi, kamedede alo nuɖuɖudzikpeɖenuwo la, dzro nya me kple ɖɔkta gbã. Ne wò alo ame si ŋu nèkpɔna la ƒe susu trɔ kpata, ŋusẽ bu le akpa ɖeka, alo nuƒoƒo sesẽ la, yɔ 112.
Nyabiase siwo bɔ
Nu kae nye dementia ƒe afɔku nu 14 siwo woate ŋu atrɔ?
Le 2024 me la, Lancet Habɔbɔa yɔ sukudede sue, nusese ƒe kuxi, LDL cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ, nuxaxa, ta ƒe abi (traumatic brain injury), ŋutilãmewɔwɔ manɔmee, sukli dɔléle, atamanono, ʋu ƒe nyaƒoƒo si kɔ gbɔ, lolo akpa, ahamumu fũu akpa, ameɖekaɖekanɔnɔ, ya ƒe ɖiƒoƒo kple ŋku ƒe kuxi si womekpɔ egbɔ o. Wo katã do ƒome kple xexeame katã ƒe dementia nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe afã ene.
Dementia ƒe afɔku nu ka ƒe nya le vevie wu?
Le xexeame katã ƒe amewo gome la, Habɔbɔa bu akɔnta be nusese ƒe kuxi kple LDL cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ le agbenɔƒe titina dometɔ ɖe sia ɖe do ƒome kple nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 7% ene, eye sukudede sue kple ameɖekaɖekanɔnɔ kplɔ wo ɖo kple abe 5% ene dometɔ ɖe sia ɖe. Nu siwo le vevie wu na ame ɖeka nɔ te ɖe eya ŋutɔ ƒe lãmesẽ dzi, eyata ɖɔktae nye mɔfiala nyuitɔ kekeake.
Ðe afɔku nu yeye eveawo va kpe ɖe wo ŋu le 2024 mea?
Ɛ̃. Nyatakaka si wòɖe ɖe go le 2024 me tsɔ LDL (vɔ̃) cholesterol si kɔ gbɔ le agbenɔƒe titina kple ŋku ƒe kuxi si womekpɔ egbɔ o le agbenɔƒe megbe kpe ɖe nu 12 siwo woyɔ le 2020 me ŋu. Habɔbɔa do wo ƒome kple nudzɔdzɔwo ƒe abe 7% kple 2% ene.
Ðe ƒee nye afɔku nu si woate ŋu atrɔa?
Ao. Ƒee nye afɔku gãtɔ si wonya le Alzheimer dɔlélea gome, eye womate ŋu atrɔe o. Dzɔdzɔmenuwo hã kpɔa gome le eme. Nu 14 siwo le axa sia dzi ye nye esiwo numekukuwo gblɔ be woate ŋu atrɔ.
Dzɔtsoƒewo
Míeɖoa kadodo ɖe habɔbɔwo kple nusɔsrɔ̃ siwo dzi axa sia ɖoa ŋu ɖo la gbɔ. Wolé ŋku ɖe wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe ŋu ne wowɔ axaa yeyee.
- Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission · The Lancet
- Nearly half of dementia cases could be prevented or delayed by tackling 14 risk factors · University College London
- Preventing Alzheimer's Disease: What Do We Know? · National Institute on Aging
- What Causes Alzheimer's Disease? · National Institute on Aging
- Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Probable Dementia: A Randomized Clinical Trial (SPRINT MIND) · JAMA (via PubMed)