Uma Umuntu One-Dementia Enqaba Noma Ecasuka Ngomsebenzi

Nilungisa konke, nimnikeze umdlalo noma uhambo, bese nizwa ukuthi “Cha.” Noma umsebenzi uqala kahle bese uphetha ngethebhulethi ephushiwe nezwi elibukhali. Kuyadumaza, futhi kuvamile kakhulu. Ukwenqaba nokucasuka kuvame ukuba umyalezo, hhayi ukuqina kwekhanda. Ukuthola ukuthi umyalezo uyini kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthi nizame ini okulandelayo.

Kungani umuntu one-dementia enqaba imisebenzi?

Ngokuvamile kunesizathu, ngisho noma umuntu engasifaki emagameni. I-Alzheimer’s Association ithi ukumelana kungasho ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi noma uyesaba ukuzama. Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Kuzwakala kunzima kakhulu. Umsebenzi manje udinga amakhono i-dementia ewenze alukhuni, futhi ukwehluleka phambi komuntu kuyahlazisa.
• Kuzwakala kwezingane. Abantu abadala babona izithombe ezinjengamakhathuni, amazwi aculayo nemisebenzi ebukeka sengathi yenzelwe izingane.
• Ukudinwa. Abantu abaningi banamandla amancane ngasekupheleni kosuku. Bhekani imisebenzi ethulile yasentambama.
• Ukungakhululeki komzimba. I-National Institute on Aging (NIA) ibala ubuhlungu, ukungalali, inkinga yokubona noma yokuzwa, ukuqumba, indlala, ukoma nemiphumela emibi yemithi emisha njengezimbangela ezingaba khona zosizi.
• Kunezinto eziningi kakhulu ezenzekayo. I-TV enomsindo, izingxoxo eziningana noma igumbi eligcwele lingamdinda.
• Ukuzizwa ephoqwa. I-NIA ibiza ukuphoqwa ukwenza into i-Alzheimer’s eyenze nzima kakhulu, noma ukukhumbula izehlakalo noma abantu, njengembangela yokuphazamiseka.
• Isimo sengqondo esiphansi. Ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo ezintweni kungaba uphawu lokudumala, okufanele kuphakanyiswe kudokotela.
• Akafuni nje. Abantu abadala bavunyelwe ukuthi bathi cha.

Ngenzeni uma ethi cha?

Yamukelani i-cha ngokuthula, bese nishintsha okuthile: isikhathi, umsebenzi, ubunzima noma indlela eniceba ngayo.

1. Yekani okwamanje. “Kulungile. Mhlawumbe kamuva.” Bese niqhubekela entweni enye ngaphandle kokububula.
2. Zamani kamuva. I-Alzheimer’s Association iphakamisa ukuzama kamuva, noma ngesikhathi esihlukile sosuku.
3. Yenzani kube kuncane. Ukufanisa okuncane esikhundleni somdlalo wonke. Ithawula elilodwa esikhundleni sebhasikidi lezingubo ezigeziwe. Izithombe ezimbalwa, izinketho ezimbalwa, izithombe zishiywa ziyabonakala.
4. Nikezani izinketho ezimbili. “Ningathanda ukubuka izithombe zezinyoni noma ukulalela umculo?” Ukukhetha kubuyisela umuzwa wokulawula.
5. Celani usizo esikhundleni sokudlala. “Ningangisiza ngokuhlunga lezi?” noma “Ningangitshela ukuthi yimuphi umbala obukeka kangcono?” Ukudingwa kuzwakala kuhluke kakhulu nokuhlolwa.
6. Qalani ngokwenu. Qalani umsebenzi eceleni kwakhe ningabuzanga. Abantu abaningi bahlanganyela uma okuthile sekuvele kuyenzeka, futhi uma bengakwenzi, nisachithe isikhathi ndawonye.
7. Shintshelani entweni yomzimba noma ethulisayo. Uhambo olufushane, umculo, ukudla okuncane, ukusonga izingubo ezigeziwe, noma ukuma okwabelwanayo kwe-ukuphefumula okuthulile. I-NIA iphakamisa ukuphambukisela ukunaka emculweni, encwadini noma ohambweni.
8. Mvumeleni akwenze ngendlela yakhe. Uma efuna ukudlala ngokuhlukile kunemithetho, vumelanani naye. I-Alzheimer’s Association iluleka ukuvumelana nesimo.

Ngithini uma ecasuka?

Yehlisani isivinini, nehlise izwi futhi niqinisekise. Isiqondiso se-Alzheimer’s Association ngokuphazamiseka siphakamisa ukuhoxa nokucela imvume, ukusebenzisa amazwi athulile, aqinisekisayo, nokunikeza ukukhetha okuqondisiwe phakathi kwezinketho ezimbili. Amagama ngale ndlela:

• “Ngiyaxolisa, lena iyacasula. Ake siyeke.”
• “Nenza kahle. Ngilapha eduze.”
• “Ninaso isikhathi sokungisiza ngokunye?”
• “Ake siphuze inkomishi yetiye esikhundleni?”

Bese niqeda umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuwenza kube yinto enkulu. Izeluleko zethu zokuxhumana zinokunye ngalokho okufanele nikusho.

Yini okufanele ngiyigweme?

Ezinye izimpendulo zemvelo zivame ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu.

• Ukuphikisana noma ukuphoqa. “Woza, kunye nje” noma “Niyakuthanda lokhu” kuvame ukungasizi.
• Ukuhlola noma ukulungisa. “Niyakwazi ukuthi yini lokhu” noma “Cha, leyo ayilungile” kwengeza ingcindezi.
• Ukukuthatha ngokomuntu siqu. I-NIA ikhumbuza abanakekeli ukuthi isifo, hhayi umuntu, sibangela lezi zinguquko.
• Ukuxinezela noma ukushesha. I-Alzheimer’s Association iluleka ukungakhuphuli izwi, ukungabonisi ukwethuka, ukungamvaleli indlela noma ukumxinezela, ukungambambi ngamandla, ukungamgxeki, ukungamnaki noma ukungaphikisani naye, nokugwema ukunyakaza okuzumayo ngaphandle kokubonwa yilo.
• Ukumenza azizwe enecala. “Ngilungisele nina konke lokhu” kushiya nobabili nizizwa kabi kakhulu.
• Ukubeka ilebuli. “Unekhanda eliqinile” noma “unzima” kufihla isizathu sangempela futhi kwenza kube nzima ukukuxazulula.

Ngingathola kanjani ukuthi yini ngemuva kokwenqaba okuphindaphindwayo?

Gcinani inothi elilula iviki noma amabili. I-NIA ithi ukulandelela izinguquko zokuziphatha kungasiza abanakekeli nabahlinzeki bezempilo ukubona iphethini nokuthola imbangela.

Bhalani phansi:

• isikhathi sosuku;
• yini eniyinikeze nokuthi nicele kanjani;
• yini eyenzeka eduze kwenu (umsindo, izivakashi, i-TV);
• ukuthi alale kanjani, adle futhi aphuze, nokuthi waya ethoyilethi kokugcina nini;
• noma yimiphi imithi emisha noma ukugula kwamuva.

Amaphethini avame ukuvela masinyane: ukwenqaba okwenzeka kuphela ngemva kuka-4 ntambama, kuphela ngomdlalo othile, noma kuphela uma i-TV ivuliwe. Umhlahlandlela wokuziphatha kwe-dementia we-Family Caregiver Alliance ukubeka ngokulula: asikwazi ukushintsha umuntu, kodwa singashintsha ukuziphatha kwethu nendawo.

Kufanele ngikhulume nini nodokotela ngokwenqaba noma ukucasuka?

Khulumani nodokotela uma indlela yokuziphatha ishintsha ngokuzumayo, ngokushesha, noma ngokuhambisana nezimpawu zokugula. I-NIA ithi izinguquko zokuziphatha eziza ngokuzumayo noma eziguquguquka ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu ebe nokusulelwa noma ushintsho lwamuva lwemithi, kufanele zilethwe kudokotela ngokushesha.

Xhumanani nodokotela wakhe masinyane uma nibona:

• ukudideka okuzumayo noma ushintsho olukhulu emahoreni noma ezinsukwini;
• izimpawu zobuhlungu, njengokufinyela ubuso, ukuvikela ingxenye yomzimba, noma inkinga entsha yokunyakaza;
• umkhuhlane noma ezinye izimpawu zokusulelwa;
• imithi emisha noma eshintshiwe ilandelwa ushintsho ekuziphatheni;
• ukulahlekelwa isithakazelo cishe kukho konke, ukukhala noma ukuhoxa okuhlala ngaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa;
• ukwenqaba ukudla noma ukuphuza.

I-Alzheimer’s Association incoma ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha kunoma ubani onezimpawu zokuziphatha, ikakhulukazi uma zivela ngokuzumayo. I-Family Caregiver Alliance iphinde iluleke ukuhlola nodokotela kuqala, ngoba izinkinga zokuziphatha zingaba nembangela yezokwelapha. Ningaqali, ningayeki noma ningashintshi noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela noma umkhemisi.

Uma othile esengozini noma kunezimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, shayelani inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo yendawo yakini. I-NIA iphakamisa ukutshela umuntu ophendula ucingo lwezimo eziphuthumayo ukuthi umuntu une-dementia.

Ingabe kulungile uma singenzi lutho nhlobo?

Yebo. Ezinye izinsuku umsebenzi ongcono kakhulu ukungabi nasenzo: ukuhlala ndawonye, ukubambana ngezandla, ukulalela irekhodi eliyintandokazi, noma ukubuka izinyoni ngefasitela. Lokho akuwukwehluleka. Umhlahlandlela wethu wokudlala ndawonye uchaza ukuthi kungani ukuyeka kusenesikhathi, noma ukungaqali nhlobo, kungaba isinqumo esifanele.