Enyamukulo lixupi
Omapekapeko otaa ulike kutya okukala uhe na ekwatafano novanhu nokukala u udite u li auke moukulupe otaku dulu okukala kwa pambafana noshiponga sha kula shokukala noudu wokudimbwa. Okomisi yoLancet yomo 2024 oya tengeneka kutya okukala uhe na ekwatafano otaku dulu okukwatelwa moipambu i fike po 5% yoiningwanima, nonande oshitukulwa shekwatafano eli otashi dulu okudja koudu wokudimbwa tau ningifa omunhu a liyoolole. Okukala tamu popi, okuhafela oinima pamwe nokumona ekwafo lokuuda otaku yambidida ekwatafano. Kovanhu ovo hava kala noudu wokudimbwa, oilonga tamu longo pamwe oya fimana omolwehafo nomwenyo muwa.
- Okomisi yoLancet oya tumbula okukala uhe na ekwatafano novanhu moukulupe onga shimwe shomoinima 14 oyo tai dulu okulundululwa, shi fike poipambu 5% yoiningwanima.
- Elondwelo laSurgeon General waUS mo 2023 ola kwatakanifa okukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka efimbo lile noshiponga sha kula shi fike peepelesenda 50 shokudimbwa movakulunhu.
- Oumbangi ou unene owa kangwa momapekapeko taa talulula, nomalunduluko opehovelo oudu wokudimbwa nao otaa dulu okuningifa omunhu a liyoolole.
- Oupyakadi wokuuda nokumona, okukala auke noshisho shomunhu umwe otai dulu okuwedela oupyakadi wokukala wa yooloka.
- Kovanhu ovo hava kala noudu wokudimbwa, oilonga tai hafifa ya longwa pamwe otai yambidida omwenyo muwa; elalakano okukala mwa kwatafana, hakulonga nawa.
Kepandja eli (oitukulwa 6)
- Okukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka okwa pambafana ngoo nokudimbwa?
- Eshiivo lilipi li li pokati kokukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka?
- Eenghedi diwa dokukala mwa kwatafana
- Omolwashike oilonga tamu longo pamwe ya fimana ngeenge pe na oudu wokudimbwa?
- Ovafilishisho navo ohava kala ve udite ve li ovo aveke
- Popya nandokotola
Ovanhu ova shitwa va kale pamwe novanhu vakwao, naasho ihashi lunduluka eshi omunhu ta kulupa. Omapekapeko otaa ulike kutya okukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka moukulupe okwa pambafana noshiponga sha kula shokukala noudu wokudimbwa, nosho yo nomikifi domutima noluhodi. Omapekapeko inaa dula natango okutya kutya ekwatafano eli oli fike peni li li etomheno ile oshidjemo. Epandja eli otali yelifa osho oumbangi tau ulike, eenghedi diwa dokukala mwa kwatafana, nomolwashike oilonga tamu longo pamwe ya fimana unene kovanhu ovo nale hava kala noudu wokudimbwa.
Okukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka okwa pambafana ngoo nokudimbwa?
Heeno, omapekapeko mahapu okwe shi kwatakanifa, ashike ondjila yayo inai yela filufilu. Okomisi yoLancet yomo 2024 oya tumbula okukala wa yooloka moukulupe onga shimwe shomoinima 14 oyo tai dulu okulundululwa. Efatululo laUCL li na sha nolopota ole shi tula poipambu i fike po 5% yoiningwanima yokudimbwa mounyuni aushe.
Osho oumbangi tau ulike:
- Ekwatafano linini, oshiponga sha kula. Okomisi oya yelifa omatalululo avali oo a kwatakanifa okukala inamu kwatafana luhapu noshiponga sha kula shokudimbwa. Limwe ola mona oshiponga sha kula shi fike peepelesenda 57 nalikwao shi fike peepelesenda 18.
- Okukala u udite u li auke yo. Okukala u udite u li auke, omaliudo okukala wa tukuka ko, nao okwa kwatakanifwa noshiponga sha kula shokudimbwa momatalululo mahapu.
- Etaleko laSurgeon General. MuMei 2023, Surgeon General waUS okwa yandja elondwelo li na sha nokukala u li auke nokwaamena. Ola ti kutya okukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka efimbo lile otaku dulu okuwedela oshiponga shokudimbwa shi fike peepelesenda 50 movakulunhu. Ola kwatakanifa yo ekwatafano lii novanhu noshiponga sha kula shi fike peepelesenda 29 shomikifi domutima noshiponga sha kula shi fike peepelesenda 32 shostroke.
- Oshi fike peni sha hapupala. Olopota yoNational Academies oya mona kutya konyala 24% yOvaamerika ve na omido 65 noya pitilila ovo hava kala momudingonoko ova yooloka.
Elondwelo la fimana: Okomisi yoLancet oya ti kutya ovanhu otava dulu okushunifa pedu oilonga yavo yokukala novanhu pefimbo lopehovelo loudu wokudimbwa inau monika natango. Osho otashi ti kutya oshitukulwa shekwatafano eli otashi dulu okukala oudu wokudimbwa tau ningifa omunhu a liyoolole, hakuliyoolola ashike taku eta oshiponga. Oumbangi ou muhapu owa dja momapekapeko taa talulula.
Eshiivo lilipi li li pokati kokukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka?
ONational Institute on Aging (NIA) otai shi yelifa ngaha. Okukala wa yooloka otashi ti okuhe na ovanhu vahapu okukwatafana navo ile ovanhu vanini okupopya navo pandjikilile. Okukala u udite u li auke oku li omaliudo mai okukala wa tukuka ko ile wa yooloka. Omunhu ota dulu okukala auke a hafa, nomunhu ota dulu okukala e udite e li auke nonande e li mondunda i yadi ovanhu.
ONIA oya tumbula oinima oyo tai dulu okuwedela oshiponga shavyo aishe:
- Oupyakadi wokuuda ile okumona
- Oudjuu wokweenda, ile okuhe na oshifafa
- Okukala auke, ile ekanifo linene ngaashi efyo lomukulukadi ile lomushamane ile okudja moilonga
- Omalunduluko medimbuluko ile momadiladilo
- Okufila oshisho omuholike oo ehe na oukolele
- Oisho yoshimaliwa ile omapiyaaneko elaka
Okuuda osho oshinima sha fimana unene. ONIA oya ti kutya ovanhu ovo ihava udu nawa otava dulu okuliyoolola molwaashi eenghundafana otadi dulu okukala didjuu ile tadi fifa ohoni. Embo letu li na sha nokuuda noukolele womomadiladilo otali popi omakonakono okuuda noikwaudifo oyo hai landwa nopehe na ombapila yandokotola.
Eenghedi diwa dokukala mwa kwatafana
ONIA otai yandje omayele a yoolokafana. Hoolola limwe ile avali oo taa wapalele onghalo yeni:
- Tuleni po efimbo lokukwatafana pandjikilile. Efimbo la tulwa po efiku keshe ile oshivike keshe lokudenga ongodi, okutuma etumwalaka, okushanga ile okutuma okakalata koukwaneumbo, ookaume ile ovashiinda.
- Longifeni eengodi dovidio ile oikwaelektronika tai popi. Ngeenge outeknologi mupe, omalibrary nomahala omomudingonoko luhapu ohaa yandje omahongelo. Tala embo letu li na sha neengodi nodovidio.
- Waimina sha. Okukala moshilongwa, meongalo, mongudu yokweenda ile mokuyandja ekwafo otaku ku pe ekwatafano novanhu nomaliudo okukala u na elalakano.
- Shuna koshinima osho wa li u hole nale ile lihonga oshipe novanhu vakweni.
- Longa omalidiladilo pamwe novanhu vakweni. Djaleka olutu pamwe nakaume ile nongudu. Embo letu li na sha nomalidiladilo olutu oli na omayele a ngungumana.
- Diladila oku ka mona oshinamwenyo shomeumbo ngeenge oto dulu oku shi fila oshisho.
- Longifa omayakulo omoshitukulwa. Omahala ovakulunhu, Area Agencies on Aging noEldercare Locator (800-677-1116) otava dulu oku ku ulikila eenghedi nomayakulo oshoyo oifafa.
Omolwashike oilonga tamu longo pamwe ya fimana ngeenge pe na oudu wokudimbwa?
Komunhu oo nale e na oudu wokudimbwa, ekwatafano oli na sha nehafo, nombili nokukala u udite wa tambulwa ko, hali na sha nokushunifa pedu oshiponga. Okomisi yoLancet oya ti kutya oilonga ohai kwafele ovanhu ovo ve na oudu wokudimbwa va kale ve na ehafo nelalakano. OAlzheimer’s Association oya ti kutya, mokuwedela ko okukwafela omwenyo muwa, oilonga otai dulu okushunifa pedu oikala ngaashi okweendaenda ile okuyahama momhepo. ONIA oya weda ko kutya ovanhu ovo ve na oudu waAlzheimer ova pumbwa okukala ve na oilonga nokulonga oinima oyo ve hole.
Omayele oo haa longo nawa:
- Taleni omafano pamwe. Conversation Cards otaa yandje omapulo a manguluka, ehe na omakonakono, ngaashi “Lombwele nge kombinga ya…” Tala embo letu li na sha nokuendulula omahokololo.
- Danaleni pamwe ombinga nombinga. Picture Pairs ohali kaleke omafano e li wetike noihali longifa efimbo ile oitwa, onghee kape na fininiko. Embo letu li na sha nanghee tamu dulu okudanauka pamwe oli na omayele.
- Longifeni omafano oukwaneumbo. Photo Pairs ohali shitukifa omafano oo wa hoolola oudano wokutwala kumwe, nomafano ohaa kala moshikwamongwa shoye.
- Eta ovanhu pamwe. Picture Bingo otali longo nawa pokwoongala kwoukwaneumbo nomomangudu omomahala okufila oshisho.
- Hafeleni omusika, oilonga yomeumbo ile oshikunino pamwe. Tala oilonga yomusika, oilonga yomeumbo nondede yetu aishe yomayele oilonga.
- Ningeni omatalelopo a kale mapu. Embo letu li na sha nomatalelopo otali popi omatalelopo maxupi, a ngungumana oo taa udifa nawa aveshe.
Kalekeni oinima inini noya ngungumana. Onduda ya mwena nomunhu umwe ile vavali luhapu ohai longo nawa shi dulife ongudu inene. Ngeenge omunhu okwa loloka ile a kanifa ohokwe, oku xulifa po oshi li nawa. Okukala omutumba pamwe tamu nu otee nasho yo oshidjemo shiwa.
Komunhu oo e na oudu wokudimbwa ndele ta kala oye aeke, ONIA otai yandje ediladilo okumona omunhu omulineekelwa oo ta dulu okutalela po ile okudenga ongodi yovidio pandjikilile nokukala omunhu wokuifana meendelelo. Otai tumbula yo omutumba womomudingonoko wo “memory cafe”, onhele ya ngungumana yokukwatafana yovanhu ovo ve na omaupyakadi edimbuluko nomaukwaneumbo avo.
Ovafilishisho navo ohava kala ve udite ve li ovo aveke
ONIA oya tumbula okufila oshisho omuholike onga oshinima tashi eta oshiponga shokukala wa yooloka. Likongele efimbo loukaume woye mwene, omangudu ekwafo nokufuda po. Embo letu li na sha nokulifila oshisho oli na omayele taa kwafa.
Popya nandokotola
Ngeenge ove ile omunhu oo to file oshisho ohamu kala mu udite mu li amuke ile mwa yooloka efimbo lihapu, lombwela ndokotola. ONIA otai ladipike ovanhu va yandje ouyelele kombinga yomalunduluko manene monghalamwenyo, ngaashi efyo moukwaneumbo, opo ndokotola a ude ko onghalo aishe. Okukala wa nyika oluhodi oule woivike otaku dulu okukala oluhodi la kwata moiti, olo tali dulu okuhakulwa. Ngeenge omukulunhu okwa hovela okuliyoolola kookaume ile koilonga oyo a li e hole nale, elunduluko olo ola wana okutumbulwa kundokotola yo. Lesha omadidiliko opehovelo nanghee u na okuya kundokotola.
Epandja eli oli na ouyelele waukwatya, halombwelo lopaundokotola. Tala elondwelo letu lopaundokotola.
Omapulo haa pulwa olundji
Okukala u udite u li auke ohaku eta ngoo okudimbwa?
Osho inashi kolekwa natango. Omapekapeko mahapu otaa ulike ekwatafano pokati kokukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka noshiponga sha kula shokudimbwa, ashike omalunduluko opehovelo momadiladilo nao otaa dulu okuningifa omunhu a efe po okukala novanhu. Okukala mwa kwatafana oku na ouwa muhapu komaliudo nokoukolele, onghee oshiwa oku shi yambidida nande ongaho.
Eshiivo lilipi li li pokati kokukala u udite u li auke nokukala wa yooloka?
Okukala wa yooloka otashi ti okuhe na ovanhu vahapu okukwatafana navo pandjikilile. Okukala u udite u li auke oku li omaliudo mai okukala wa tukuka ko ile wa yooloka. Oto dulu okukala auke ndele ito udite u li auke, ile u udite u li auke nonande ou li mokati kovanhu.
Ohandi dulu ngahelipi okukwafela omudali wange oo e na oudu wokudimbwa a kale e na ekwatafano novanhu?
Ekwatafano lixupi la twikila pandjikilile ohali longo nawa. Kendabala onghundana ya tulwa po oshivike keshe ile ovidio, oilonga tamu longo pamwe potafule yokombitha, omutumba wokuendulula omahokololo, ile etalelepo nombwa ile omutekulu. Kaleka ongudu inini noya ngungumana, ndele efa omunhu a hoolole onhapo yaye.
Openi handi dulu okumona ekwafo lovakulunhu va yooloka moshitukulwa shetu?
Eldercare Locator, elongekido lopashiwana, ohali kwatakanifa omaumbo nomahangano omoshitukulwa taa ungaunga novakulunhu neenghedi domomudingonoko. Oto dulu oku li denga ko 800-677-1116 ile u tale ko eldercare.acl.gov.
Eeshako doilongifo
Ohatu tula omalinki komahangano nokeekonakono omo epandja eli la likolelela. Keshe shimwe osha li sha talululwa eshi epandja la pepalekwa.
- Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission · The Lancet
- Nearly half of dementia cases could be prevented or delayed by tackling 14 risk factors · University College London
- Our Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation: The U.S. Surgeon General's Advisory on the Healing Effects of Social Connection and Community · U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Summary · National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NCBI Bookshelf)
- Loneliness and Social Isolation — Tips for Staying Connected · National Institute on Aging
- Adapting Activities for People With Alzheimer's Disease · National Institute on Aging
- Activities · Alzheimer's Association