Mmuae tiawa no
Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ mmerɛ a wɔatwa ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ wɔ nkwagyeɛ mfe mu ka dementia asiane ho. 2024 Lancet Commission no bu sɛ ankasa abɔdeɛ kyerɛ ɛyɛ ɔha 5 wɔ nsɛm no mu, nanso ebia dementia mfiase nso ma obi twe ne ho fi nnipa ho. Nkitahodie a ɛwɔ hɔ, nnipa a wɔpɛ ho, ne aboa a wɔboa wɔ tie ho nso boa nkitahodie. Ma nnipa a wɔwɔ dementia, nneyɛe a wɔyɛ bom ne ɛho anigyeɛ ho hia paa, efisɛ ɛboa ma wɔte ase yiye.
- The Lancet Commission kyerɛ sɛ nkwagyeɛ mu ankasa abɔdeɛ yɛ dementia asiane kwan bi a yebetumi asesa, na ɛyɛ ɔha 5 wɔ nsɛm no mu.
- US Surgeon General no 2023 nkyerɛwee kyerɛ sɛ ahoɔfɛ a ɛtenenee ne ankasa abɔdeɛ ka dementia asiane ho kakra ɔha 50 wɔ mmofra a wɔwɔ mfe mu.
- Nhwehwɛmu a ɛwɔ hɔ no bi yɛ nhwɛso a wɔhwɛ, na dementia mfiase nso betumi ama obi twe ne ho fi nnipa ho.
- Tie ne huniwee haw, kɔ so a wɔne obiara nni hɔ, ne wɔn a wɔboa wɔn nsa nso ka ankasa abɔdeɛ ho.
- Ma nnipa a wɔwɔ dementia, nneyɛe a wɔyɛ bom a ɛyɛ anigyeɛ boa ma wɔte ase yiye; nea yɛpɛ ne nkitahodie, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ yiye.
Wɔ kratafa yi so (6 afã horow) .
Nnipa hia nkitahodie, na saa nni nsakrae wɔ mfe mu. Nhwehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ wɔ nkwagyeɛ mfe mu ka dementia asiane ho, ne yare a ɛfa koma ho ne ɔyare a ɛfa adwene ho nso. Nhwehwɛmu no rentumi ka kyerɛ ankasa koraa sɛ dɛn kakra na nkitahodie yi kyerɛ nsɛm a ɛde ba. Saa kratafa yi kyerɛkyerɛ nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ, akwan a yɛbɛfa so anka wo ho ne obi a wɔn ho ayɛ mmerɛ, ne nea enti na nneyɛe a yɛyɛ bom no hia paa ma nnipa a wɔwɔ dementia.
Ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ ka dementia ho anaa?
Aane, nhwehwɛmu pii ka wɔn ho, nanso nsɛm no kwan mu nni ankasa mu koraa. 2024 Lancet Commission bu nkwagyeɛ mu ankasa abɔdeɛ sɛ dementia asiane kwan a yebetumi asesa ɔha 14 mu. UCL nsɛmmisa a ɛwɔ saa adesua no ho ka sɛ ɛyɛ ɔha 5 wɔ dementia nsɛm wɔ wiase.
Nea nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ ne yei:
- Nkitahodie a ɛyɛ kakra, asiane a ɛkɔ soro. Commission no kyerɛkyerɛ nhwehwɛmu abien a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nkitahodie a ɛnyɛ daa ka dementia asiane ho. Biako kyerɛɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ɔha 57 kɔ soro, na biako nso kyerɛɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ɔha 18.
- Ahoɔfɛ nso. Ahoɔfɛ, a ɛyɛ tebea a obi twe ne ho fi nnipa ho, ka dementia asiane ho wɔ nhwehwɛmu pii mu.
- US Surgeon General adwene. Afe 2023, bere a ɛyɛ May, US Surgeon General de nkyerɛwee a ɛfa ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ ho bae. Ɛka sɛ ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ a ɛtenenee betumi ama dementia asiane kɔ soro kakra ɔha 50 wɔ mmofra a wɔwɔ mfe mu. Ɛka nso sɛ nkitahodie a ɛyɛ bɔne ka akoma yare asiane ɔha 29 ne ɔyare a ɛfa mogya ho asiane ɔha 32 ho.
- Ɛdɔɔso sɛn. Nhwehwɛmu a National Academies ayɛ hunu sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ mfe 65 kɔ soro a wɔte wɔn efie mu wɔ America, ɛyɛ ɔha 24 wɔn mu na wɔayi wɔn afi nnipa ho.
Ɛho hia sɛ yɛkaa ho asɛm: Lancet Commission kyerɛ sɛ nnipa betumi atwe wɔn ho fi nneyɛe a wɔyɛ bom ho wɔ dementia mfiase bere a wɔnnhunu no. Enti, ebia nkitahodie a ɛsakra no ka dementia ho, na ɛnyɛ sɛ nkitahodie nko ara de dementia ba. Nhwehwɛmu a ɛwɔ hɔ no bebree yɛ nhwɛso a wɔhwɛ, na ɛnyɛ nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ ara.
Ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ kyerɛ dɛn?
National Institute on Aging (NIA) kyerɛkyerɛ saa nsɛm yi kɛkɛ. Ankasa abɔdeɛ kyerɛ sɛ obi wɔ nnipa a ɔbɛtɔ nkitahodie wɔ mpɛnsa nni, anaa nnipa a ɔbɛtɔ nkitahodie wɔ ne ho nni nkɔso. Ahoɔfɛ yɛ adwene a ɛhaw a obi a wɔayi no afi nnipa ho anaa ɔyɛ ɔdɔɔso kɛse. Obi betumi ateɛ ne ho ankasa anigye, na obi nso betumi ayɛ ahoɔfɛ wɔ nnipa pii ntam.
NIA kyerɛ nneɛma a ɛma ankasa abɔdeɛ ne ahoɔfɛ nyinaa ba:
- Tie anaa ani haw
- Nnantwie haw, anaa ɔnni akwantuo
- Ɔteɛ ne ho ankasa, anaa ɔyaw kɛse a ɛba sɛ ɔkunu wu anaa ɔda adwuma so
- Adwene anaa nteaseɛ nsakrae
- Ɔdwen obi a ɔyare no
- Sika ho haw anaa kasa ho nsɛnkyerɛnne
Tie ho haw paa. NIA ka sɛ nnipa a wɔantie yiye betumi atwe wɔn ho fi nnipa ho, efisɛ nkɔmmɔ bɛyɛ den anaa ɛbɛyɛ wɔn ahohia. Yɛn tie ne adwene yiye adesua kyerɛkyerɛ tie ntwahyɛ ne tie mmoa a wɔtɔn wɔ bi a ɛnyɛ ayaresabea mu.
Akwan a yɛbɛfa so anka nkitahodie ho
NIA hyɛ nsusuiɛ bebree. Yiɛ baako anaa mmienu a ɛfata wo:
- Hyɛ bere a wobɛfrɛ wo nnipa. Bere a wobɛfrɛ anaa woakyerɛw ntrɛwmu, anaa woasoma kaa mmusua, nnamfo anaa nnipa a mo te ase bi wɔ mo nkurow.
- Fa video frɛ anaa smart speaker. Sɛ wɔrenhu technology no, sukuu a ɛwɔ library anaa community center bebree wɔ hɔ. Hwɛ yɛn adesua a ɛfa frɛ ne video frɛ ho.
- Fa nea ɛwɔ hɔ ka ho. Sukuu, asɔredan nkɔmhyɛ, nantew klub anaa adwumayɛ a ɛyɛ boafoɔ de wo nkitahodie ne nea ɛma wo ho yɛ den.
- San di ahobrɛase a wodii kan pɛ anaa sua ahobrɛase foforo a wobɛyɛ ne nnipa.
- Nantew nnipa ne ho. Nantew ne nnamfo anaa kurom bi. Yɛn nantew adesua wɔ akwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛ.
- Susuw aboa ho sɛ wobetumi aboa ne so.
- Fa mmoa a ɛwɔ mmusua ho. Nkurow mmusua, Area Agencies on Aging ne Eldercare Locator (800-677-1116) betumi akyerɛ wo nhyehyɛe ne akwantuo ho nkɔso.
Adeɛn na nneyɛe a yɛyɛ bom hia wɔ dementia mu?
Ma obi a ɔwɔ dementia, nkitahodie yɛ anigyeɛ, ahomegyeɛ ne sɛ wɔpene so, na ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛbɛtew asiane. Lancet Commission ka sɛ nneyɛe boa nnipa a wɔwɔ dementia ma wɔnya anigyeɛ ne botae. Alzheimer’s Association ka sɛ, ɛfiri sɛ nneyɛe ma nkwa a ɛwɔ hɔ ye, betumi atew nneyɛe a ɛte sɛ nantew anaa ahosɛeɛ nso. NIA ka nso sɛ Alzheimer’s yare nnipa hia sɛ wɔyɛ adwuma na wɔyɛ nea wɔpɛ.
Nneɛma a ɛyɛ yie ne yei:
- Hwɛ mfonini bom. Conversation Cards de nsɛmmisa a ɛnyɛ nsɔhwɛ ma, te sɛ “Ka me ho asɛm…” Hwɛ yɛn reminiscence adesua.
- Yɛ no bom wɔ ahyɛnsoɔ. Picture Pairs ma mfonini hwɛ hɔ, na ɛnni bere anaa mmuae, enti ɛnhaw obi. Yɛn adesua a ɛfa sɛnea wobɛyɛ bom ho wɔ mmoa.
- Fa mmusua mfonini. Photo Pairs sesa mfonini a woapaw sɛ wobɛyɛ agyinasɛm, na mfonini no ntena wo fon so.
- Fa nnipa bɛboa. Picture Bingo yɛ adwuma wɔ mmusua nhyiam ne ayaresabea nnipa a wɔyɛ ɔdɔɔso ho.
- Fa nnwom, adwuma fie anaa turo di. Hwɛ nnwom nneyɛe, fie adwuma ne yɛn nneyɛe ho nsusuiɛ a ɛdɔɔso.
- Ma akyɛde ayɛ ahoɔdɛn. Yɛn akyɛde adesua kyerɛkyerɛ akyɛde a ɛyɛ tebea a ɛyɛ mmerɛ, a ɛma obiara ani gye.
Ma ɛnyɛ kɛse na ɛnyɛ den. Efie a ɛdwodwoo ne nnipa baako anaa baanu betumi aboa sen nnipa pii a wɔboaboa. Sɛ ɔnnipa no ayɛ den anaa ɔnnim nneyɛe no bio a, ɛyɛ mmerɛ sɛ wogyae. Sɛ mo te ase nsa kɔm tee tii no, ɛyɛ nea ɛsɛe.
Ma obi a ɔte ne ho ankasa wɔ dementia mu, NIA ka sɛ hwehwɛ obi a wotumi trust a ɔbɛtumi aba anaa ɔbɛfrɛ wo video so daa, na ɔbɛyɛ ɔmmoa a wɔfrɛ no wɔ ntɛmpɔ a ɛho hia mu. Ɛka nso kurom no mu kafe a wɔma nnipa a wɔwɔ nkaebɔ wɔ adwene mu ne wɔn mmusua ba, baabi a ɛyɛ anigyeɛ ne ahomegyeɛ.
Wɔn a wɔboa wɔn nso ahoɔfɛ ka wɔn ho
NIA kyerɛ sɛ sɛ wobɔ obi a wɔyare no mmoa no, ɛma wowɔ ahoɔfɛ asiane. Hyɛ bere ma wo ankasa nnamfo, nnipa a wɔboa wɔn ne ntɔnsɛm. Yɛn wo ho ahobammɔ adesua wɔ akwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛ.
Kasa kyerɛ dɔkota
Sɛ wo anaa obi a woboa no nya ahoɔfɛ anaa ɔwɔ ankasa mu bere pii a, ka kyerɛ dɔkota. NIA trɛw sɛ nnipa ka asetra nsakrae kɛse, te sɛ owu wɔ abusua mu, ma dɔkota ahu nea ɛreba ankɔsɛ. Sɛ adwene brɛ nnawɔtwe pii a, ebia ɛyɛ animuonyam ɔyare, na ɛtumi yɛ yiye. Sɛ okunu no firi ne nnamfo anaa adwuma a ɔdɔ so a ɛnyɛ den no ho a, kyerɛ dɔkota saa nsakraeɛ no. Hwɛ nkɛntɛnso ne bere a ɛfata sɛ wokɔ dɔkota nkyɛn.
Kratafa yi yɛ amanneɛ a ɛyɛ ade, ɛnyɛ ayaresa afotu. Hwɛ yɛn ayaresa nhyɛso.
Nsɛmmisa a wɔtaa bisa
Ahoɔfɛ de dementia ba anaa?
Wɔnsɔre ankasa ho nsɛm no so. Nhwehwɛmu pii ka ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ ho ne dementia asiane kɛse ho, nanso adwene mu nsakrae a ɛyɛ mfiase nso betumi ama obi twe ne ho fi nnipa ho. Nkitahodie boa animuonyam ne yare ara, enti ɛfata sɛ yɛboa ma yɛn nyinaa.
Ɛyɛ sɛn sɛ ahoɔfɛ ne ankasa abɔdeɛ nyinaa?
Ankasa abɔdeɛ kyerɛ sɛ obi nni nnipa a ɔtete nkitahodie mu daa bi. Ahoɔfɛ yɛ oyaa a ɛyɛ ɔhaw a wɔ sɛ wɔapo wo anaa wɔayi wo afi nnipa ho. Obi betumi atena ne ankasa ne ne ho nni ahoɔfɛ, anaa obi betumi ayɛ ahoɔfɛ wɔ nnipa pii ntam.
Ɛyɛ sɛn na mʼadamfo a ɔwɔ dementia betumi ateete nkitahodie mu?
Nkitahodie a ɛyɛ nketewa ne a ɛba daa yɛ yiye. Hyɛ nhyehyɛe a wɔbɛfrɛ ne so da biara nnawɔtwe, anaa mmoa wɔn wɔ aburofɔre so, anaa kɔ kafe a wɔma nnipa a wɔwɔ nkaebɔ wɔ adwene mu ne wɔn mmusua ba, anaa ma aboa anaa ɔba bɛba. Ma nnipa nni mmoa kɛse ne nkitahodie, na ma ɔno ara ayɛ nea ɔpɛ.
Ɛhe na mahu mmoa wɔ mmusua a wɔatwe wɔn fi nnipa ho ho wɔ mʼakyiri?
Eldercare Locator, ɛyɛ adwumayɛ a ɛyɛ US, boa mmusua ma wohu nnipa a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ mmofra ne nkurow mu. Wobetumi asɔ wɔn ahyɛdeɛ wɔ eldercare.acl.gov. Sɛ wowɔ ɔman a ɛnyɛ US mu a, hwehwɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛte saa wɔ wo nkurow, sɛ nʼakyiri yɛ ayaresabea anaa mmoa a wɔboa wɔn a wɔaye.
Nneɛma a wonya fi mu
Yɛde link kɔ ahyehyɛde ahorow ne adesua ahorow a krataafa yi de ne ho to so no so. Wɔhwɛɛ emu biara bere a wɔyɛɛ kratafa no foforo no.
- Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission · The Lancet
- Nearly half of dementia cases could be prevented or delayed by tackling 14 risk factors · University College London
- Our Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation: The U.S. Surgeon General's Advisory on the Healing Effects of Social Connection and Community · U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Summary · National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NCBI Bookshelf)
- Loneliness and Social Isolation — Tips for Staying Connected · National Institute on Aging
- Adapting Activities for People With Alzheimer's Disease · National Institute on Aging
- Activities · Alzheimer's Association