Okukwata kwomakutsi noshiponga shokudimbwa

Okukwata kwomakutsi oku li oshinima shihapu mokukula, novakonakoni ove ku tala ko sha kwata moiti shi li oshiponga shokudimbwa. Osho itashi ti kutya oukwafimakutsi ou li ondjila ya ulikwa yokukelela okudimbwa; ekonakono dingi la denga mbada fiyo opaife ola eta oidjemo ya yoolokafana. Epandja eli otali yelifa osho omakonakono a ulika, nghee to dulu okukonakona omakutsi, kutya oukwafimakutsi oo hau landwa nopehe na omukanda wondokotola moAmerika oshike, nanghee to dulu okuninga eenghundafana di kale puyadi.

Omolwashike okuuda kwa fimana koukolele womadiladilo?

Okukwata kwomakutsi okwa kwatakanifwa noshiponga sha kula shokudimbwa. OLancet Commission yo2024 oya tengeneka kutya oku na mo eepelesenda 7 doihokolola yokudimbwa mounyuni aushe. Osho otashi shi tula pamwe no-LDL cholesterol ya londa pombada shi li shimwe shomoiponga inene oyo tai dulu okulundululwa mokati koiponga 14 momusholondodo woCommission, pamhangela eyelifo laUCL lolopota.

Oinima ya fimana ya monika koCommission:

• Oshiponga sha kula nokukwata kwomakutsi. Mekonakono layo la kongwa momakonakono ahamano a denga mbada, ovanhu ovo ve na okukwata kwomakutsi ova li ve na oshiponga sha kula lwopomido 37 shokudimbwa shi dulife ovo ve na omakutsi a yela.
• Okukwata kwa kwata moiti, oshiponga sha kula. Omakonakono oo a tala koukwatya wokukwata okwa ulika kutya oshiponga osha li tashi kulu eshi omakutsi taa kwata moiti unene.
• Omatomheno tashi dulika, ndele inaa ulikwa natango. Omatomheno taa diladilwa ongaashi okukala u li oove auke nokulikaleka, okukala wa nyika oluhodi, omadiladilo inaa longifwa unene, noshoyo shokudiladila sha wedwa po eshi to kendabala okuuda.

Okukwata kwomakutsi oku li oshinima shihapu. ONational Institute on Aging (NIA) oya ti kutya hanga oshitimulongo shimwe shovakulunhu vatatu ove na oupyakadi ou, nomhito ohai kulu eshi omido tadi hapupala.

Ekonakono loukwafimakutsi laACHIEVE ola mona shike?

ACHIEVE olo la li ekonakono lotete la ningwa nomahoololo la tala koukwafimakutsi nokushuna monima kwokudiladila. Oidjemo yalo luhapu ohai yelifwa epuko, onghee ouyelele ou apa owa dja molopota yekonakono la nyanyangidwa.

• Oolyelye va kufa ombinga: ovakulunhu 977 ve na omido 70 fiyo 84 ovo ve na okukwata kwomakutsi inaku pangelwa novehe na omaupyakadi manene okudiladila, peenhele nhee dopomudingonoko moAmerika.
• Osha li tashi yelekwa: etata ola pewa oukwafimakutsi pamwe nomalombwelo okudja komunghulungu womakutsi (audiologist). Etata likwao ola pewa elongo loukolele kombinga yokukula nawa.
• Oidjemo ya kula: konima yeedula nhatu, kapa li eyooloko mokushuna monima kwokudiladila pokati keengudu mbali adishe kumwe.
• Oidjemo yongudu inini: ekonakono ola toola ovanhu va dja meenhele mbali. Ovanhu 238 ova dja mekonakono lile loukolele womutima (ARIC), nongudu ei oya li moshiponga shinene shokushuna monima kwokudiladila. Mongudu ei, okushuna monima okwa li kwa ninipala neepelesenda 48 noukwafimakutsi. Mokati kovakwafimbinga 739 vomomudingonoko ovo va li ve na oukolele muwa, kapa li elunduluko la yela.

Nghee to dulu oku shi lesha paushili:

• Enyamukulo la kula ola li kutya kapa li elunduluko.
• Osho sha monika mongudu inini osha li sha fanekwa nale, ndele osha dja mekonakono loshivali longudu inini. Osha pumbwa okukolekwa momakonakono makwao.
• Ovakwafimbinga ova li ve shi shii kutya ove li moludalo lilipi, osho tashi dulu okukuma oidjemo.
• OLancet Commission oya tala koumbangi kutya oukwafimakutsi otau monika wa kwafa unene ovanhu ovo ve na okukwata kwomakutsi pamwe noiponga ikwao yokudimbwa.

Exulifo laxuuninwa ololo kutya oukwafimakutsi inau ulikwa u li ondjila yokukelela okudimbwa. Oau kwafele ovanhu va ude, va kufe ombinga meenghundafana nokukala ve na ekwatafano, osho nasho oshinima sha wana okudiladilwa.

Ohandi shiiva ngiini kutya omakutsi oku na okukonakonwa?

O-NIA otai kumaida u ye kondokotola ngeenge ove ile omunhu oo ho file oshisho:

• Oku na oupyakadi okuuda ovanhu kongodi
• Oshidjuu okuuda eenghundafana ngeenge ovanhu vavali ile vahapu tava popi
• Luhapu oha pula ovanhu va endulule osho va popya
• Oha yelula ewi lotivii pombada fiyo ovanhu vakwao tava nyenyeta
• Oku na oupyakadi okuuda eendjovo ngeenge pe na omuuyo umwe
• Oku wete ovanhu vakwao tava monika va fa tava ngunguma

Hovela nondokotola yoye, oyo tai dulu oku ku tumina komunghulungu womakutsi (audiologist) ile kondokotola yomakutsi, yomayulu noyomutima. Outalala womakutsi oo wa tuvikila osho shimwe shomoitandu ihapu yokukwata kwomakutsi oyo ndokotola ta dulu okutala. Okukwata kwomakutsi kwouladi oku li onghalo ya endelela yopaundjolowele, no-NIA otai kumaida u ye kondokotola diva.

Okukwata kwomakutsi otaku dulu okutalwa epuko kwa fa okungwangwana. O-NIA oya ti kutya ovakulunhu ovo ihava udu nawa omafimbo amwe ohava diladilwa epuko kutya ova ngwangwana, ihava nyamukula ile ihava longele kumwe. Ngeenge omunhu oo u hole ota monika a fa te likaleke ile ita udu osho tashi popiwa, okukonakona omakutsi oku li onghatu iwa yokuhovela.

Oukwafimakutsi oo hau landwa nopehe na omukanda wondokotola oshike?

Okudja meti 17 Kotoba 2022, O-FDA oya pitika oludi loukwafimakutsi oo hau landwa nopehe na omukanda wondokotola (OTC). Apa ope na eyooloko pokati kao naao hau pewa nomukanda wondokotola:

O-FDA oya ti kutya oukwafimakutsi wOTC inau nuninwa okukwata kwomakutsi kwa kwata moiti ile kwa kwata moiti unene. Otai kumaida u ye kondokotola, unene kondokotola yomakutsi, yomayulu noyomutima, ofimbo ino landa ngeenge u na:

• Ouyehame ile oupyakadi mokutwi
• Omeva, omapi ile ohonde ya dja mokutwi moule weemwedi hamano da pita
• Elunduluko louladi mokuuva ile okuuda taku lunduluka
• Okuuda kwa nayipala mokutwi limwe, ile okwiimba mokutwi limwe alike
• Ondzungu ile okutengauka
• Outalala muhapu momakutsi

Okwiika koukwafimakutsi ohashi pula efimbo neendunge, onghee tala omilandu dokushunifa ofimbo ino landa, ngaashi O-FDA tai kumaida. O-NIA otai kumaida u pule ngeenge oinsurance yoye otai futile ko oshitukulwa shondado. Komunhu oo ta kala nokudimbwa, omunghulungu womakutsi ota dulu okukwafa okutokola kutya oludi lilipi loukwafimakutsi nokulongekidwa kwalo taku ka kala kupu oku u longifa efiku keshe.

Ohandi popi ngiini noupu nomunhu oo e na okukwata kwomakutsi?

O-NIA otai kumaida:

1. Tala komesho yomunhu nokukala mu na ekwatafano lomesho, mouyelele muwa, opo a dule okumona omilungu yoye noikala yoshipala shoye.
2. Konga onhele ya mwena. Dima o-TV ile inda kokule nomuuyo.
3. Popya pombada kanini, ndele ino ingida. Popya panghedi yoye noshinano shiwa.
4. Kaleka omilungu yoye ya yela. Ino lya, ino tafuna ile ino uvika omilungu yoye eshi to popi.
5. Lundulula eendjovo ponhele yokweendulula ngeenge sha kana mo.
6. Omunhu umwe poshikando. Mongudu, kendabala okwaalula mo omunhu oo.
7. Kala nelididimiko nokupula nghee to dulu okukwafa.

Omayele aa otaa longo nawa pamwe nomayele etu okukwatafana nomunhu oo ta kala nokudimbwa. Oilonga ya kanghamena komafano nayo ohai kufa po oshisho shokuuda. Picture Pairs na Conversation Cards ohai longo okupitila mwaasho to mono, na Finish the Saying otai ku pitike u ulike exulifo ponhele yoku li popya. Kombinga yeengodi, tala ewiliko letu leengodi noikundaneki yovidio.

Okumona nako okwa fimana

Mo2024 oLancet Commission oya wedwa ko okukwata kwomesho inaku pangelwa shi li oshiponga shipe. Eyelifo laUCL otali shi tula peepelesenda 2 doihokolola yokudimbwa, noCommission otai kumaida okukonakona nokupanga omaupyakadi omesho ku kale kwa yeulukila keshe umwe. O-NIA otai kumaida ekonakono lomesho e na omuti oo hau tandavelifa omesho oshikando shimwe ile ivali momudo keshe konima yomido 60, nokukonakona yo omalongekido omakende. Nokuli omalunduluko manini mokumona otaa dulu okuwedela oshiponga shokuwa.

Popya nondokotola

Pula ndokotola kombinga yomakonakono omakutsi nomesho ngeenge wa mono omandidiliko oo a tumbulwa pombada. Konga ekwafo diva ngeenge omakutsi otaa kwata ouladi, u na ouyehame mokutwi, ile omeva taa di mokutwi. Ngeenge oho file oshisho omunhu oo ta kala nokudimbwa, lombwela ndokotola yaye kombinga yomalunduluko omakutsi ile omesho, osheshi otaa dulu okukuma omaliudo, eameno nanghee omunhu ta dulu okukufa ombinga.

Epandja eli oli na ouyelele woshiwana, kali fi omayele opaundjolowele. Tala elondwelo letu lopaundjolowele. Lesha shihapu kombinga yekwatafano novanhu noukolele womadiladilo.