Tie Nkwa ne Dementia Kyinkyin: Nea Nhwehwɛmu Kyerɛ

Tie nkwa yɛ yare a nnipa pii wɔ no bere a wɔaba mfe mu, na nhwehwɛfo hwɛ so yie sɛ ɛyɛ dementia kyinkyin. Eyi nkyerɛ sɛ tie aboa yɛ ɔkwan a wɔasi hɔ pefee sɛ ɛbɛban dementia; nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ anim no nyinaa yɛɛ nea ɛnyɛ pɛ. Saa nkyekyɛmu yi kyerɛ nea nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ, sɛnea wobɛhwehwɛ wo tie, tie aboa a wɔtɔ wɔ dwumadie so wɔ United States, ne sɛnea wobɛma nkasa ayɛ yie.

Adɛn nti na tie yɛ hia ma adwene ho yare?

Tie nkwa ne dementia kyinkyin di ntam. Lancet Commission a wɔyɛe wɔ 2024 ka sɛ ɛde dementia abɛyɛ about 7% wɔ wiase. Eyi ma ɛyɛ nea ɛkɔ anim, ka ho ne high LDL cholesterol, wɔ factors 14 a wɔbɛtumi asesa no mu wɔ Commission no nhwehwɛmu mu, sɛnea UCL nkyerɛase a ɛfa lipoti no ho kyerɛ.

Commission no nhwehwɛmu mu nsɛm titiriw:

• Tie nkwa de kyinkyin kɛse ba. Wɔ nhwehwɛmu a wɔboaboa ho nhwehwɛmu pa nsia mu no, nnipa a tie nkwa wɔ no wɔ dementia kyinkyin about 37% kɛse sen nnipa a wɔtie yie.
• Nea ɛyɛ den no, kyinkyin no nso kɛse. Nhwehwɛmu a ɛhwehwɛ sɛnea tie nkwa yɛ den no hunuu sɛ sɛ tie ayɛ den a, kyinkyin no nso kɔ soro.
• Nsɛmmisa a wɔnnya mmuaeɛ pefee no. Nneɛma a wɔsusuw no ho ka ho ahonyadeɛ ne ahoɔfɛ a ɛba, mmerɛw a wɔbɛyɛ ne kɔkɔbɔ ne adwene so nnɛyɛ ne tumi a ɛbɛyɛ adwene.

Tie nkwa yɛ yare a nnipa pii wɔ. National Institute on Aging (NIA) ka sɛ about mfeɛ mu ɔkyeneɛ biako wɔ mmofra a wɔyɛ mmofra mu wɔ no, na ɛbɛkɔ soro sɛnea wɔn mfe kɔ soro.

Dɛn na ACHIEVE tie aboa nhwehwɛmu hunuu?

ACHIEVE ne nhwehwɛmu a edi kan a wɔyɛɛ wɔ tie aboa ne adwene kyinkyin ho. Nnipa pii kyerɛkyerɛ ne nsesaeɛ yiye, enti yei ne nsɛm a ɛwɔ nhwehwɛmu a wɔakyerɛw no mu mu.

• Nnipa a wɔyɛɛ nhwehwɛmu no: Nnipa 977 a wɔyɛ mfe 70 kɔ 84 a tie nkwa wɔ wɔn ho nanso wɔn adwene nyɛ yaw kɛse, wɔ United States mpɔtam nkitahodie baanu mu.
• Nea wɔtoo mu: Ɛfã biako nyaa tie aboa ne nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɔtie aboa dwumadifo a ɔyɛ ɔbɔadeɛ kyerɛ wɔn. Ɛfã a ɛtoatoa so no nyaa ayɛde a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ ahoɔfɛ wɔ mmerɛ a wɔrehyɛ ase.
• Nea ɛfiri mu baeɛ: Afe abiɛsa akyi no, nnipa a wɔyɛ ɛnnɛ ne nnipa a wɔnnyaa tie aboa no ntam ammɛyɛ adwene kyinkyin mu nsɛ nsesaeɛ.
• Nea ɛfa nnipa akɛse ho nsɛm: Nhwehwɛmu no fi nnipa a wɔyɛ ɔkwan biako mu. Nnipa 238 fii ARIC, adesua a ɛfa koma ho a wɔyɛ de mfe pii, mu, na wɔn nyinaa wɔ kyinkyin kɛse wɔ adwene ho. Wɔ saa nnipa yi mu no, adwene nsɛ brɛɛ 48% brɛoo wɔ tie aboa a wɔde wɔ so. Nnipa 739 a wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ yare pa a wɔboa wɔ nkurɔfo mu no, nsesaeɛ a ɛda so ara ntumi nhu.

Sɛnea wobɛkenkan eyi yiye:

• Mmuaeɛ titiriw ne sɛ ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ.
• Nea wohunuu wɔ nnipa a wɔyɛ kakraa mu no, wɔsusuw ho dedaw, nanso ɛfiri nhwehwɛmu a wɔsi kɛse so nnye. Ɛsɛ sɛ nhwehwɛmu foforɔ si so.
• Nnipa a wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no nyinaa nyaa nea wɔbɛyɛ, eyi betumi anka nsesaeɛ no.
• Lancet Commission no kyerɛ sɛ nsɛm a wɔahwehwɛ ho no ka sɛ tie aboa yɛ mmoa kɛse ma nnipa a tie nkwa wɔ no ne nneɛma foforɔ a ɛma dementia kyinkyin wɔ wɔn ho.

Nsɛm titiriw ne sɛ tie aboa nyɛ ɔkwan a wɔasi hɔ pefee sɛ ɛbɛban dementia. Nanso ɛboa nnipa ma wɔtie, wɔka nkɔm, na wɔtena ase wɔ nkurɔfo mu, eyi ara na ɛma ɛyɛ nea ɛfata sɛ wobɛsusuw ho.

Ɛdeɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ me tie?

NIA kyerɛ sɛ hyia dokota sɛ wo anaa obi a wodi no ho ba:

• Wohia ahohia sɛ wobɛte nea wɔka wɔ telefon so
• Ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛdi nkasa a nnipa baanu anaa sen baanu di ntam
• Ɛbɛba sɛ wobisa nnipa sɛ wɔnsan nka nea wɔaka
• Wodi TV so kɔ soro kosi sɛ afoforɔ kɔmplen
• Ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛte nkasa wɔ nsɛnneɛ a ɛreba mu
• Wosusuw sɛ afoforɔ kasa nna kasa mu

Fi ɔdokota a ɔhwɛ nnipa nkwa ase, a ɔbɛtumi akɔma wo akɔ ɔtie adwumayɛfo (ɔtie aboa dwumadifo) anaa ɔdokota a ɔhwɛ tie, ano ne ti ho yare. Tie a ɛyɛ ne nkwa ne ɛfa mu ba a ɛdɛ a ɔdokota betumi ahwehwɛ no. Tie a ɛsɛe ntɛm yɛ yare a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm, na NIA kyerɛ sɛ hyia dokota ntɛmntɛm.

Wɔbɛtumi asusuw tie nkwa sɛ adwene yare. NIA ka sɛ nnipa a wɔyɛ mmofra a wɔntumi ntie yie no, wɔbɔ mmuaeɛ wɔ sɛ wɔn adwene nsɛ yɛ den, wɔnnte nea wɔka, anaa wɔnnyɛ nea wɔka. Sɛ obi a wodi no ho ba adwene ho nnyɛ no ya anaa wonte nea wɔka no, tie nhwehwɛmu yɛ anidasoɔ kwan a ɛyɛ.

Dɛn ne tie aboa a wɔtɔ wɔ dwumadie so?

Efi October 17, 2022 no, FDA ama tie aboa kuw a wɔtɔ wɔ dwumadie so (OTC) bi wɔ United States. Eyi ne sɛnea wɛn no te ne tie aboa a ɔdokota kyerɛ wɔ:

FDA ka sɛ tie aboa a wɔtɔ wɔ dwumadie so nyɛ ma tie nkwa a ɛyɛ den anaa ɛyɛ den koraa. Ɔka sɛ ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛtɔ bi ansa na wohyia ɔdokota, de sɛ ɛyɛ ɔtie ayaresafo (ɔtie, ano ne ti ho yare) no, sɛ wowɔ:

• Ntamadeɛ wɔ tie mu anaa tie ho a ɛyɛ den
• Nsu, nsiw anaa mogya fi tie mu wɔ bere a atwa mfe fam ne mu
• Tie a ɛsesa ntɛm anaa ɛsesa a ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm
• Tie a ɛyɛ bi ayɛ den sen ɛfã foforɔ, anaa mmoho wɔ tie baako mu
• Nkwagyeɛ anaa ɛtɔ wo, nti wobɛhwɛ wo ho
• Tie nkwa kɛse

Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛtena tie aboa ase, enti hwɛ sɛ wɔbɛtumi asan asan wɔ tɔ ansa na wotɔ, sɛnea FDA kyerɛ. NIA kyerɛ sɛ wobisa sɛ wo asiane betumi aboa wo wɔ ho bi. Wɔ dementia ho no, ɔtie adwumayɛfo betumi aboa wo ma wohu tie aboa ne nsiesie a ɛbɛyɛ ma ɛyɛ mmerɛ ma wo da biara.

Sɛnea mebetumi akasa yie wɔ nnipa a wɔwɔ tie nkwa ho?

NIA kyerɛ sɛ:

1. Hwɛ onipa no ani na hwɛ ne ani, wɔ hann pa mu, na ɛbɛma ɔhunu wo anom ne wo ani mu nneyɛe.
2. Hwehwɛ beaeɛ a ɛyɛ dwodwoo. Gyae TV anaa kɔ baabi a nne nnwom nni.
3. Kasa kɛse kakraa, na nnteam. Kasa sɛnea wokasa daa, na fa ntɛm a ɛyɛ mmerɛ.
4. Fa wo anom ma ɛtɔ so. Nnye aduane, nnɛn nkyene, na nkata wo anom wɔ bere a wɔrekasa.
5. Kyerɛ nsɛm no ntam sɛnea ɛtɔ so, na nnsan nka no sɛ wɔannte nea wɔka.
6. Obi biako bere biako. Wɔ nnipa a wɔboaboa ho no mu, ma ɛyɛ yie sɛ obi no wɔ nkɔm mu.
7. Mmɔ mmoa, na bisa sɛ wobetumi aboa wo sɛnea.

Eyi nhyehyɛeɛ yi yɛ adwuma kɛse bere a wɔde ka yɛn dementia nkasa mmoa ho. Mfonini a wɔde yɛ adwuma nso yɛ nnwuma mmerɛ. Picture Pairs ne Conversation Cards ma wo hwehwɛ nea wohwɛ, na Finish the Saying ma wokyerɛ awiei mmom sen sɛ wobɛka no. Sɛ ɛfa telefon anaa video frɛ ho a, hwɛ yɛn telefon ne video frɛ akwankyerɛ.

Ani ho nso hia

Wɔ 2024 no, Lancet Commission ka ani a wɔnhwɛ ho yie sɛ dementia kyinkyin foforɔ. UCL nkyerɛase no ka sɛ ɛde dementia nsɛm 2% abɛyɛ, na Commission no kɔtra sɛ wɔma nnipa nyinaa nya ani ahwehwɛ ne ayaresa. NIA kyerɛ sɛ wɔnhwɛ ani wɔ ani mu mfe biako anaa mfe abien akyi wɔ mfe 60 akyi, na wɔhwɛ sɛ mfiri ani ntwa no ka. Ani ho nsesaeɛ ketewa nso betumi ama ɔsɛe ka ho.

Kasa ne dokota

Bisa dokota ho tie ne ani nhwehwɛmu sɛ wuhu biribi a ɛwɔ akyiri yi mu. Hwehwɛ ayaresa ntɛmntɛm sɛ tie a ɛsesa ntɛm, nkɔtɔ mu ntamadeɛ, anaa nsu fi tie mu wɔ. Sɛ wodi obi a wɔwɔ dementia ho ban a, ka wɔn dokota ho tie anaa ani nsakrae, efisɛ eyi betumi ama ahoɔfɛ, ahobammɔ ne sɛnea onipa no betumi ayɛ adwuma ka ho.

Eyi nkyerɛwsɛm yɛ ade a ɛfa ho nkyerɛkyerɛ ara, ɛnyɛ ayaresa afotu. Hwɛ yɛn ayaresa kyerɛwsɛm. Kenkan nkurɔfo ntam nkitahodi ne adwene yare ho nsɛm.