Impendulo emfushane
Qalani ngalokho enifuna i-app ikwenze: ukuvusa ingqondo kancane, ukukhumbula izinto zakudala, ukuzola noma ukuxhumana. Bese nikhetha ehambisana namandla omuntu namuhla, enezithombe ezinkulu, engenazo izibali sikhathi, amaphuzu noma izikhangiso, futhi enendlela elula yokumisa. Hlolani ukuthi iqoqani idatha nokuthi ningayisusa yini. Qaphelani izimangalo zokuthi i-app ivimbela noma yelapha i-dementia; ucwaningo olulodwa alufakazeli lutho.
- Nqumani inhloso kuqala: ukuvusa ingqondo, ukukhumbula izinto zakudala, ukuzola noma ukuxhumana kudinga ama-app ahlukene.
- Fanelanisani namandla omuntu ngalolo suku, hhayi igama lesigaba, futhi nigcine izilawuli zilula.
- Yeqani ama-app anezibali sikhathi, amaphuzu, izimpilo, ukulandelana kokunqoba, izikhangiso noma izikhumbuzo zokuthenga.
- Hlolani ukuqoqwa kwedatha, ukwabelana ngayo nokuyisusa. I-HIPAA ngokuvamile ayihlanganisi ama-app abathengi.
- Yibani nokungabaza ngezimangalo zokuthi “ivimbela i-dementia”. Isilingo esisodwa, noma amaphuzu angcono ku-app, akufakazeli lutho.
- I-Golden Moments ngumsebenzi wokuzilibazisa. Ayenzi izimangalo zomtholampilo.
Kuleli khasi (izingxenye ezingu-7)
- Yini okufanele ngiyinqume ngaphambi kokukhetha i-app ye-dementia?
- Ngazi kanjani ukuthi i-app ihambisana namandla omuntu?
- Yiziphi izici zomklamo okufanele nizifune noma nizigweme?
- Ngihlola kanjani ubumfihlo be-app?
- Ngifunda kanjani izimangalo ngocwaningo nobufakazi?
- I-Golden Moments ihlala kuphi?
- Iyiphi indlela enengqondo yokuzama i-app entsha?
Izitolo ze-app zigcwele imidlalo ebhalwe ukuthi ingeyabadala, yenkumbulo noma ye-dementia. Eminye yenziwe ngokucophelela. Eminye yengeza izethembiso ezizwakala njengezezokwelapha, izibali sikhathi eziguqula umdlalo ube ukuhlolwa, noma izikhangiso nokuqoqwa kwedatha. Leli khasi linikeza indlela yokuthi nahlulele noma iyiphi i-app nina ngokwenu. Asizilinganisi noma sizibuyekeze ezinye izimikhiqizo.
Yini okufanele ngiyinqume ngaphambi kokukhetha i-app ye-dementia?
Nqumani ukuthi nifuna i-app ikwenze ini. “Umdlalo kaMama” ungasho izinto ezihluke kakhulu, futhi ukukhetha okungcono kunhloso eyodwa kuvame ukuba ukukhetha okungalungile kwenye.
| Inhloso | Ibukeka kanjani | Okufanele nikufune |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuvusa ingqondo kancane | Ukufanisa, ukuhlunga, amaphazili alula, imidlalo yamagama | Ubunzima obulungiseka, izithombe ezihlala zibonakala, kungabi khona ingcindezi yesikhathi |
| Ukukhumbula izinto zakudala | Izithombe zakudala, izisho ezijwayelekile, umculo wobusha bakhe | Izithombe zenu, izikhuthazo ezivulekile, kungabi khona imibuzo yokuhlola |
| Ukuzola | Izithombe ezihamba kancane, imisindo ethulile, ukuphefumula, imvelo | Kulula ukuqala nokumisa, akukho okucwayizayo, akukho okumangazayo |
| Ukuxhumana | Ukudlala noma ukukhuluma ndawonye, ngokwenu noma ngevidiyo | Kwenzelwe abantu ababili, izikhuthazo zengxoxo |
Ucwaningo lwe-“cognitive stimulation” ehleliwe yabantu abane-dementia ikakhulukazi lubandakanya izikhathi zeqembu ezihlelwa abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe, ezinengxoxo, imidlalo yamagama, amaphazili, umculo nemisebenzi yokudala. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Cochrane kwathola izinzuzo ezincane ngokwesilinganiso, ezihluka phakathi kwezifundo. Uhlelo olunjalo lokuxhumana nabantu, olunhlobonhlobo aluyona into efanayo ne-app ewodwa, ngakho thathani noma iyiphi i-app njengomsebenzi owodwa wokwabelana phakathi kwemisebenzi eminingi.
Ngazi kanjani ukuthi i-app ihambisana namandla omuntu?
Bukani ukuthi aphendula kanjani, kunokuthembela ekuxilongweni noma egameni lesigaba. Abantu ababili “esigabeni esifanayo” bangahluka kakhulu ngokubona, ukuzwa, ukulawula izandla, ulimi nokukhululeka ngezikrini. I-Alzheimer’s Association iphakamisa ukukhumbula izintshisekelo zakudala namandla amanje futhi nigxile ekujabuleni kunasempumelelweni.
Izimpawu zokuhambisana okuhle:
- uqala noma ahlanganyele ngaphandle kokunxenxwa kakhulu;
- uyamamatheka, aphawule noma axoxe indaba;
- amaphutha abonakala engamkhathazi;
- ujabulela ukumisa uma sekuyisikhathi.
Izimpawu zokuhambisana okubi:
- ukuphindaphinda ukuthi “Angikwazi” noma “lokhu kuyiphutha”;
- ukudideka ngokuthi kufanele kuthintwe ini;
- ukukhathazeka, ihlazo noma ukusunduza idivayisi;
- isebenza kuphela uma nina nenza cishe yonke into.
Usizi luyisikhombisi, hhayi into okufanele idluliselwe ngenkani. Bheka okufanele nikwenze uma esho ukuthi cha. Ukuze nithole imibono ngokwezigaba ngaphandle kwama-app, bheka imisebenzi yesigaba sokuqala neyesigaba sokugcina.
Yiziphi izici zomklamo okufanele nizifune noma nizigweme?
Funani umklamo othulile, olula, wabadala, futhi nigweme noma yini ekhulisa ingcindezi.
| Funani | Qaphelani |
|---|---|
| Izithombe nombhalo omkhulu, umehluko omkhulu wemibala | Izithonjana ezincane, izikrini ezixinene |
| Isenzo esisodwa esicacile ngesikrini ngasinye | Izinkinobho eziningi, amamenyu, noma imiyalo yezinyathelo eziningi |
| Akukho sibali sikhathi, noma isibali ongasivala | Izibali zokubala emuva, imivuzo yesivinini, “dlula isikhathi sakho” |
| Akukho maphuzu, noma impendulo ethambile | Amaphuzu, izimpilo, ukulandelana kokunqoba, izikhundla, “iminyaka yobuchopho” |
| Amaphutha aphathwa ngokuthula | Ama-buzzer, izimpawu ezibomvu ze-X, imiyalezo ethi “Kungalungile” |
| Izithombe zabadala, zomhlaba wangempela | Izindikimba zamakhathuni noma ezingane |
| Isebenza ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, ayidingi akhawunti ukuqala | Kudingeka ubhalise, ungene noma ulande okuqukethwe kuqala |
| Kulula ukumisa nokuyeka | Ama-pop-up acela ukuqhubeka nokudlala noma ukukala i-app |
| Akukho zikhangiso, intengo ecacile kanye noma yokubhalisa | Izikhangiso, ama-loot box, izikhumbuzo ezivamile zokuthenga |
| Kulula ukuthi umuntu wesibili ahlanganyele | Umdlali oyedwa kuphela, umklamo wokuncintisana |
Izikhangiso nezikhumbuzo zokuthenga kulula ukuzithinta ngephutha.
Ngihlola kanjani ubumfihlo be-app?
Hlolani ukuthi i-app iqoqani, yabelana nobani, nokuthi ningayisusa yini. Ngaphambi kokuyifaka:
- Funda isifinyezo sobumfihlo sesitolo. Isigaba se-Data safety se-Google Play kanye nesigaba solwazi lobumfihlo se-App Store zibala izinhlobo zedatha i-app engase iziqoqe futhi yabelane ngazo. Zombili izinkampani zithi abathuthukisi bakha lolu lwazi bona ngokwabo, ngakho yindawo yokuqala, hhayi ukuhlolwa.
- Buzani ukuthi idinga yini i-akhawunti. Uma i-app ibonisa izithombe noma imidlalo elula kuphela, kungase kungabi khona isizathu sokuthi izazi igama lenu, i-imeyili noma usuku lokuzalwa.
- Hlolani izimvume. Ingabe umdlalo wokufanisa udinga ngempela indawo, uhlu loxhumana nabo, imakrofoni noma yonke ingqoqo yezithombe zenu? Valani noma yini i-app engayidingi.
- Funani izikhangiso nokuhlaziya. Izikhangiso namathuluzi okulandela angathumela idatha ngokusetshenziswa kwe-app ezinkampanini ezinye.
- Thola ukuthi izithombe ziyaphi. Uma nengeza izithombe zomndeni, ziyahlala kudivayisi noma ziyalayishelwa kuseva? Ningazisusa yini?
- Hlolani ukususwa. Bhekani inqubomgomo yobumfihlo noma isifinyezo sedatha ukuze nazi ukuthi nisusa kanjani idatha ne-akhawunti. I-app ethi idatha ayikwazi ukususwa idinga ukucophelela okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma ibamba izithombe noma imininingwane yezempilo.
- Funda inqubomgomo yobumfihlo ukuze nithole izimpendulo ezicacile ngokuthi kuqoqwani, kungani, isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi kwabelwana nobani.
Ingabe i-HIPAA ivikela ulwazi lwama-app e-dementia?
Ngokuvamile cha, okumangaza abantu abaningi. I-U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ichaza ukuthi i-HIPAA isebenza ezinhlelweni zezempilo, kubahlinzeki abaningi bokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kuma-health care clearinghouse nakubalingani babo bebhizinisi. Ezimeni eziningi ayivikeli idatha oyifaka ku-app yokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu, ngaphandle kokuthi i-app inikezwe yinhlangano ehlanganisiwe noma umlingani wayo webhizinisi. “I-app ye-dementia” esitolo se-app ivame ukuba ngaphandle kwe-HIPAA, noma ikhuluma ngezempilo. (I-HIPAA ngumthetho wase-United States; ezweni lakini kungase kube khona imithetho ehlukile yokuvikela idatha.)
Yini evikela idatha yezempilo kuma-app angahlanganiswa yi-HIPAA?
Umthetho we-Federal Trade Commission we-Health Breach Notification Rule uhlanganisa amaningi awo. Ngo-2024 i-FTC yaqeda ngokusemthethweni izinguquko ezicacisa ukuthi umthetho usebenza kuma-app ezempilo nobuchwepheshe obufanayo obungahlanganiswa yi-HIPAA. “Ukwephulwa” kuhlanganisa ukudalulwa okungagunyaziwe, hhayi nje ukugqekezwa, futhi izinkampani kumele zazise abantu abathintekile ne-FTC. Lokho kuyinetha yokuvikela ngemva kokuba okuthile kungahambi kahle, hhayi isethembiso sokuthi i-app iqoqa kuphela okudingayo.
Ngifunda kanjani izimangalo ngocwaningo nobufakazi?
Funda izimangalo zobufakazi kancane, futhi nibe nokungabaza okukhulu ngezethembiso ezinkulu kakhulu. Imibuzo okufanele nibuze:
- Yini ngempela eyacwaningwa? Ucwaningo lohlelo olulodwa lokuqeqeshwa alukhombisi ukuthi wonke umdlalo ku-app usebenza ngendlela efanayo.
- Ubani owacwaningwa? Imiphumela kubantu abadala abaphilile ingase ingasebenzi komuntu ophila ne-dementia.
- Yini eyalinganiswa? Ukuthuthuka emdlalweni ngokwawo kuhlukile ezinguqukweni empilweni yansuku zonke, engxoxweni, esimweni sengqondo noma ekuzimelaneni.
- Ucwaningo lunamandla kangakanani? Isilingo esilawulwayo esinokukhethwa okungahleliwe (RCT) siqhathanisa iqembu elisebenzisa i-app neqembu elingayisebenzisi. Uhlaka oluhle, kodwa i-RCT eyodwa encane noma emfushane akuyona ubufakazi. Funani izifundo eziningana, ezenziwa abacwaningi abazimele, ezivumelana.
- Ingabe ithi iguqula isifo? Ucwaningo olubonisa ukuthuthuka okuncane ekuhlolweni akuyona ubufakazi bokuthi i-app ilibazisa, ivimbela noma yelapha i-dementia.
Ikhasi le-National Institute on Aging elithi impilo yokuqonda nabantu abadala lichaza isilingo esikhulu esixhaswe yi-NIH sokuqeqeshwa kokuqonda okuhlelekile, bese lixwayisa abafundi ukuthi baqaphele izimangalo zokuthi eminye imidlalo yekhompyutha neye-inthanethi ingathuthukisa inkumbulo nokucabanga. Lithi akukabikho ubufakazi obwanele bokuthi ama-app e-brain-training atholakala emalini anomthelela ofanayo nokuqeqeshwa okuhlolwe kuleso silingo. Ungafunda kabanzi emihlahlandlela yethu ethi Imidlalo yobuchopho nobufakazi neyethi Lokho okushiwo ucwaningo ngokuvimbela i-dementia.
Yisiphi isibonelo esaziwayo sesimangalo esiyiphutha?
NgoJanuwari 2016, i-FTC yamemezela isivumelwano nabenzi be-Lumosity, uhlelo lwe-“brain training”. I-FTC yasola ukuthi inkampani yathi, ngaphandle kobufakazi obanele, imidlalo yayo ingalibazisa ukwehla kokuqonda okuhlobene neminyaka futhi ivikele ekuphazamisekeni okuncane kokuqonda, i-dementia nesifo i-Alzheimer’s. Inkampani yavuma ukukhokha $2 million futhi kumele ibe nobufakazi besayensi obunekhono nobunokwethenjelwa ngaphambi kokwenza izimangalo ezinjalo esikhathini esizayo. Icala liyisikhumbuzo esiwusizo sokuthi ulimi lokukhangisa alukhona ubufakazi.
Yimaphi amagama angamafulegi abomvu?
Qaphelani uma i-app noma isikhangiso sithi:
- “ivimbela,” “iguqula,” “imisa” noma “yelapha” i-dementia noma i-Alzheimer’s;
- “ifakazelwe ngokomtholampilo” ngaphandle kokuqamba ucwaningo, ukuthi bekungobani kulo, nokuthi yini eyalinganiswa;
- inikeza “iminyaka yobuchopho” noma amaphuzu enkumbulo ashiwo njengokuxilongwa;
- izokwenza ubuchopho “bubukhali,” “bukhule” noma “buqeqeshwe”;
- isebenzisa ubufakazi bamakhasimende (testimonials) njengobufakazi.
Uma ningaqiniseki ngesimangalo, buzani udokotela womuntu.
I-Golden Moments ihlala kuphi?
I-Golden Moments inikeza imisebenzi elula yokwabelana, hhayi ukuhlolwa kwenkumbulo, ukwelashwa noma iseluleko sezokwelapha. Imidlalo yethu, okuyi-Amapheya ezithombe, Amakhadi engxoxo, Amapheya ezithombe zomndeni, I-bingo yezithombe kanye nomdlalo othi Ukuphefumula okuthulile, yenzelwe ukujabula nengxoxo. Ayihloli, ayelapheli, ayivimbi futhi ayilinganisi i-dementia, futhi asenzi izimangalo ngenkumbulo noma ukucabanga.
Siphinde senze i-app yamahhala, i-Golden Moments ye-iPhone, i-iPad ne-Android. Inokufanisa izithombe okuthambile ngamakhadi amakhulu, imidlalo enezithombe zomndeni enizikhethayo namaphakheji ezithombe asebenza ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, ngaphandle kwe-akhawunti, izikhangiso, isibali sikhathi noma amaphuzu. Uhlu lokuhlola olufanayo luyasebenza: ilebula yobumfihlo ye-App Store yayo ifundeka ngokuthi “Data Not Collected”, futhi inqubomgomo yobumfihlo ye-app ichaza lapho amakhophi ezithombe agcinwa khona.
Sizokujabulela ukuba nisihlole kunokusethemba. Sebenzisani uhlu lokuhlola kuleli khasi, funda ikhasi lethu lobumfihlo kanye nesaziso sethu sezokwelapha, futhi niyeke ukusebenzisa noma yini, kuhlanganise neyethu, engamfanele umuntu eniyamnakekelayo.
Iyiphi indlela enengqondo yokuzama i-app entsha?
Zamani ndawonye emasontweni ambalwa nibuke okwenzekayo.
- Yilungiseni kuqala, nisebenzisa umhlahlandlela wethu wokulungisa ithebhulethi nocingo, futhi niqale ezingeni elilula kakhulu.
- Gcinani izikhathi zifushane, niphawule ukumamatheka, ingxoxo nokuzola, futhi nigcine ngomzuzu omuhle.
- Yiyekeni uma ibangela ukukhathazeka, noma ngabe ihlolwe kahle kangakanani.
Imibuzo evamile
Ingabe imidlalo yobuchopho ingavimbela i-dementia?
Akukho bufakazi obuhle bokuthi ama-app emidlalo yobuchopho athengiswayo avimbela noma alibazisa i-dementia. I-National Institute on Aging ithi akukho bufakazi obwanele bokuthi ama-app e-brain-training atholakala emalini enza umphumela ofanayo nokuqeqeshwa okuhlelekile okuhlolwe ocwaningweni olukhulu. Khethani ama-app ngenxa yokujabula nokuxhumana, hhayi njengemithi.
Ingabe i-app ye-dementia ihlanganiswe yi-HIPAA?
Ngokuvamile cha. I-HIPAA ngokuvamile isebenza kubahlinzeki bokunakekelwa kwezempilo, izinhlelo zezempilo nabalingani babo bebhizinisi. I-app eniyilanda nina ngokwenu ngokuvamile ayihlanganiswa ngaphandle uma inikezwa omunye wabo. Umthetho we-FTC we-Health Breach Notification Rule uhlanganisa ama-app amaningi ezempilo angahlanganiswa yi-HIPAA.
Umdlalo omuhle we-dementia kufanele ubukeke kanjani?
Izithombe nombhalo omkhulu, ocacile, into eyodwa ebonakalayo okufanele yenziwe esikrinini ngasinye, kungabi khona isibali sikhathi noma amaphuzu, kungabi khona imisindo yamaphutha, kungabi khona izikhangiso, kube nendlela elula yokumisa noma ukuyeka. Kufanele ubukeke wenzelwe abadala futhi kube lula ukuthi umuntu wesibili ahlanganyele.
Ingabe i-Golden Moments ithi isiza inkumbulo?
Cha. I-Golden Moments inikeza imisebenzi elula yokwabelana yokujabula nengxoxo. Ayihloli isifo, ayelapheli, ayivimbi futhi ayilinganisi i-dementia, futhi asenzi izimangalo ngenkumbulo noma ukucabanga.
Ingabe kufanele ngikhokhele i-app ye-dementia?
Zamani kuqala izinketho zamahhala noma izilingo zamahhala, bese nibuka ukuthi umuntu uphendula kanjani emasontweni ambalwa. Ukukhokhela i-app akuyenzi isebenze kangcono. Hlolani ukuthi ikhansela kanjani ngaphambi kokubhalisa.
Imithombo
Sixhumanisa nezinhlangano nezifundo leli khasi eliklanyelwe kuzo. Lunye lwahlolwa lapho leli khasi libuyekezwa.
- Lumosity to Pay $2 Million to Settle FTC Deceptive Advertising Charges for Its "Brain Training" Program · Federal Trade Commission
- FTC Finalizes Changes to the Health Breach Notification Rule · Federal Trade Commission
- Protecting the Privacy and Security of Your Health Information When Using Your Personal Cell Phone or Tablet · U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Cognitive Health and Older Adults · National Institute on Aging
- Can cognitive stimulation benefit people with dementia? · Cochrane
- Understand app privacy & security practices with Google Play's Data safety section · Google Play Help
- About privacy information on the App Store and the choices you have to control your data · Apple Support
- Activities · Alzheimer's Association